Personnel Training and Procedures

Personnel training and procedures- rog ram that includes written operating procedures and consideration of the potential for human error in reactive systems. 

It should be noted that the data collection and conversion effort is not trivial, it is company and plant-specific and requires substantial effort and coordination between intracompany groups. No statistical treatment can make up for inaccurate or incomplete raw data. The keys to valid, high-quality data are thoroughness and quality of personnel training comprehensive procedures for data collection, reduction, handling and protection (from raw records to final failure rates) and the ability to audit and trace the origins of finished data. Finally, the system must be structured and the data must be coded so that they can be located within a well-designed failure rate taxonomy. When done properly, valuable and uniquely applicable failure rate data and equipment reliability information can be obtained. 

Identified hazards can either be reduced at the root (e.g., reduction of inventory) or by introduction of protective systems (e.g., automatic emergency shutdown). The increased understanding of the chemistry and the process that is obtained from hazard evaluation procedures provides guidance for many other elements of process safety management as well (e.g., procedural instructions, emergency strategies, personnel training, and preventive maintenance). 

Personnel training and performance-as a management systems element-focuses on development of process knowledge and documentation, including clearly defined technical information and operating procedures (CCPS, 1989). 

Metrics on timely personnel training and competency demonstration including abnormal batch procedures... 

The comprehensive surveys made by Texaco are entirely noncritical—i.e., all references to the subject are included and presented in a form which offers the reader the most convenient access to the greatest amount of information. These reports are passed to the laboratory personnel, usually the project leader of the laboratory research problem, who can then prepare a critical review with his recommendations as to the most promising course for the laboratory work. This has been found to be the most suitable and economic procedure, because it not only saves the time of the laboratory worker but also yields a more comprehensive search, prepared in minimal time by personnel trained and skilled in this particular phase of research. When a laboratory investigator prepares his own survey it is most frequently of such a restricted, critical nature that it may not be at all suitable if the course of the investigation is changed or if its scope is broadened. Furthermore, the project may be transferred to another worker who has different ideas as to the mode of attack. Much of the searching done by the predecessor, which is frequently not mentioned in his report or even recorded in his notes,... 

Protective equipment to be provided by the inspected State Party, and agreed proeedures, personnel training, and personnel qualification tests and certification requireik and agreed procedures for use of the equipment ... 

Maintenance is part of the Mechanical Integrity program. It covers the personnel, both operator and contractor, involved in the maintenance program, including their training and procedures. 

During operation the plant is in the hands of the operating personnel. They should be properly trained and familiar with the inst lation. Very often, accidents are caused by an improper practice, such as making an attempt to repair when proper preparation is not made. Operators shoiild be trained in first-aid procedures and how to respond to emergencies. 

The standard operating procedures demand great attention as they reflect personnel safety issues, safe operating limits and quality considerations. They should be written simply and clearly. The level of detail is determined by the training and experience of the operations staff but should also take into account the hazards inherent in the process. 

A key aspect of this quality process component is to evaluate if the people doing the job have access to and are following the established procedures. There should be a system to manage the updating of procedures, communicating the changes, and training personnel on the procedures. 

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