Replenishment periodic

O Hara, M. J. Mathews, R. E. (1981). Geochemical evolution in an advancing, periodically replenished, periodically tapped, continuously fractionated magma chamber. J. Geol. Soc. London, 138, 237-77. 

FM2. Water loss is reduced to the extent that periodic replenishment, as required by flooded cells, is no longer necessary. Nevertheless, both hydrogen evolution at the negative electrode and grid corrosion at the positive electrode do cause some water loss. 

ED has also been used to improve or maintain the quality of a plating bath and thus eliminate the need for periodic replenishment. An instructive example is shown in Figure 8.9 for the electroless plating of copper onto nonmetallic substrates such as printed circuit boards.10 The process illustrated utilizes an uncharged EDTA-Cu complex where the reduction of copper is driven by the oxidation of formaldehyde to formic acid. The formate ions and the sulfate ions introduced with the make-up copper are undesirable reaction by-products that are removed by ED. NaOH is added to adjust pH sufficiently to ionize the formic acid. The uncharged EDTA-Cu complex remains in the diluate stream, which is returned to the plating tank. 

Open system The behaviour of the REE in a periodically replenished, periodically tapped, processes continuously fractionated (RTF) magma chamber (Section 4.2.2) is described by O Hara and Matthews (1981). Using chondrite-normalized values of Ce/Yb to represent the slope of the REE diagram, and Sm values as a measure of REE... 

Radiochemical Neutron Activation Analysis A magma chamber which is periodically Replenished, periodically Tapped and continuously Fractionated Shoshonitic basalt... 

Periodic replenishment Aggregating requirements to place deliveries of varying quantities at evenly spaced time intervals, rather than variably spaced deliveries of equal quantities. The term fixed cycle also refers to this method. The milk run is also a tool for implementing this approach. (Adapted from APICS Dictionary, 10th edition)... 

Based on Fourcroy and Vauquelin s theory of ether formation, which also explained the formation of the many by-products, Boullay looked for ways to avoid unwanted by-products in order to increase the efficiency of the manufacture of ordinary ether. For that purpose he suggested that the alcohol be periodically replenished during the distillation in order to preserve the proportions of ether formation and to extend the first phase of pure ether formation in which only few by-products were built. His suggestion was in turn taken up by Thenard, who suggested replacing the consumed alcohol from time to time in order to block the formation of by-products and increase the amount of ether produced. Thenard added that this has been confirmed by experience, and precisely this is what is practiced by many pharmacists in... 

In particularly critical situations, it is possible to minimize such concerns by using constant or periodic replenishment of either the gaseous or liquid phases in the autoclave... 

To simulate dissolved gas conditions in the laboratory it is important to simulate their partial pressures in the gas phase over the test solution since this, in turn, will determine the amount of dissolved species present. If low (generally <1 %) levels of these constituents or high reaction rates are present, then some form of continuous or periodic replenishment of these species during testing may be necessary. For very low (ppm) levels of these constituents in pressurized systems, such procedures are usually always required to provide for valid test conditions to be maintained. 

Imprest Fund shall mean a fund or account established in a fixed amount and maintained at the level by periodic replenishments (normally monthly) of the sums disbursed. 

A galvanic cell in which the reactants are fed continuously to the cell and the products are continuously removed is called a FUEL CELL. Any cell process involves the consumption of some materials and the production of others, but in a conventional (nonfiiel) cell, the reactants are part of the cell when it is built and they are not replenished, or, in a storage cell, they are periodically replenished by reversing the current. The only satisfactory fuel cells thus far developed require the expensive and cumbersome as fuel, and they have been used only in special situations where cost is secondary, notably in space vehicles and military equipment. A fuel cell that would bum petroleum products would be of enormous value—it might supersede the internal-combustion engine—and such cells have been built, but they have not reached the stage of practical application. 

In the third and final step, the ternary seed crystal is stacked with the ternary polycrystalHne feed crystal as shown in Fig. 12.19. The polycrystaUine feed is carefuUy melted and a seeding interface is obtained. The melt is then directionally soHdified while periodically replenishing by dissolving the GaSb feed rod. This results in a homogeneous ternary single crystal. 

Thorium burnup costs. Thorium is periodically replenished in the reactor to maintain the desired concentration in the slurry. The thorium burnup cost.s may lie expressed as... 

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