Peptide copolymer, hybrid

Klok H.-A. and Lecommandoux, S. Solid-State Structure, Organization and Properties of Peptide—Synthetic Hybrid Block Copolymers. Vol. 202, pp. 75-112. 

Abstract This article summarizes recent developments in the synthesis of polypeptides and hybrid peptide copolymers. Traditional methods used to polymerize -amino acid-N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) are described, and limitations in the utility of these systems for the preparation of polypeptides are discussed. Recently developed initiators and methods are also discussed that allow polypeptide synthesis with good control over chain length, chain length distribution, and chain-end functionality. The latter feature is particularly useful for the preparation of polypeptide hybrid copolymers. The methods and strategies for the preparation of such hybrid copolymers are described, as well as analysis of the synthetic scope of the different methods. Finally, issues relating to obtaining these highly functional copolymers in pure form are detailed. 

In a second article the same approach was used to synthesize a peptidic polymer containing the peptide Tritrpticin, a 13 residue antimicrobial peptide (Fig. 16) [66]. This time they initiated the polymerization of f-butyl acrylate, followed by styrene to produce a triblock copolymer, which clearly formed micelles in solution. Interestingly, the antimicrobial activity of the peptide was enhanced relative to the free peptide and the detrimental side effects normally associated with antimicrobial peptides, such as a high hemolytic activity, were reduced, highhghting the benefits of using peptide polymer hybrids in place of peptides alone. 

Other Peptide-Synthetic Hybrid Block Copolymers. 104... 

This review discusses the sohd-state structure, organization and properties of peptide-synthetic hybrid block copolymers. Hybrid block copolymers composed of a synthetic block and a peptide segment are an interesting class of materials, both from a structural and a functional point of view [14-16]. Peptide sequences can adopt ordered conformations such as a-hehces or /J-strands. In the former case, this leads to block copolymers with rod-coil character. Peptide sequences with a /1-strand conformation can un-... 

Peptide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block copolymers are ofparticiflar interest, both from a structural and a functional point of view. Poly(ethylene glycol) is also often referred to as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEG). Throughout this article, however, this polyether will be referred to as PEG. In contrast to the hybrid block copolymers discussed in the previous paragraphs, which were based on amorphous synthetic polymers, PEG is a semi-crystalline polymer. In addition to microphase separation and the tendency of the peptide blocks towards aggregation, crystallization of PEG introduces an additional factor that can influence the structure formation of these hybrid block copolymers, furthermore, PEG is an FDA approved biocompatible polymer, which makes peptide-PEG hybrid block copolymers potentially interesting materials for biomedical applications. 

Electro- and photoactive peptide-synthetic hybrid triblock copolymers have been prepared using bis(benzyl amine)-terminated poly(9,9-dihexyl-... 

Klok H-A, Lecouunandoux S (2006) Solid-state structure, organization and properties of peptide-synthetic hybrid block copolymers. Adv Polym Sci 202 75-111... 

Li Y-Y, Hua S-H, Xiao W, Wang H-Y, Luo X-H, Li C, Cheng S-X, Zhang X-Z, Zhuo R-X (2011) Dual-vectors of anti-cancer drugs and genes based on pH-sensitive micelles self-assembled from hybrid pol3 peptide copolymers. J Mater Chem 21 3100-3106... 

Babin, J., Rodriguez-Hemandez, J., Lecommandoux, S. etal. (2005) Self-assembled nanostnictures from peptide-synthetic hybrid block copolymers Complex, stimuU-responsive rod-coil architectures. Faraday Discussions, 128,179-192. 

A series of peptide-carbohydrate hybrid block copolymers, such as dextran-p-PBLG [114], dextran-fi-PS, and hyaluronan-(>-PBLG [115], have been utilized... 

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