Pectin beads

The problem with the aforementioned monolithic unit system is that it tends to be detained at the ileocecal junction, leading to drug loss before entry in the colon. To circumvent this problem, multiparticulate dosage forms were devised that passed freely through the ileocecal junction. In a recent study, a multiparticulate system, which was based on amidated pectin, was tested. ° Coating of the amidated pectin beads with chitosan significantly reduced the release of sulfamethoxazole and indomethacin in simulated gastric and intestinal juice compared with non-coated beads. 

Das S, Ng K-Y. Resveratrol-loaded calcium-pectinate beads Effects of formulation parameters on drug release and bead characteristics. J Pharm Sci. 2010 99(2) 840-860. 

Sandoval-Castilla, O. Lobato-Calleros, C. Garcia-Galindo, H. S. Alvarez-Ramirez, J. Vernon-Carter, E. J., Textural properties of alginate-pectin beads and survivability of entrapped Lb. casei in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and in yoghurt. Food Research International (2010) 43, 111-117. 

Wong, T. W., Nurjaya, S. (2008). Drug release property of chitosan-pectinate beads and its changes under the influence of microwave,... 

T. W. Wong, and S. Nurjaya, Drug release property of chitosan-pectinate beads and its changes under the influence of microwave, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 69 (1), 176-188,2008. T.W. Wong, and H. Nurulaini, Sustained-release alginate-chitosan pellets prepared by melt pelletization technique. Drug. Dev. Ind. Pharm., 38 (12), 1417-1427, 2012. 

In a study, gellan gum/pectin beads were developed via ionotropic gelation by using Al + as the crosslinker. Besides the stability and the absence of drug-polymers interactions, yield of over 92% (92.76%) and entrapment efficiency in the range of 52-88%... 

Ethanol Zymomonas mobilis Entrapment in pectin beads encapsulation in mesoporous silica self-immobilization [76, 77]... 

Chambin, O., Dupuis, G., Champion, D., Voilley, A., Pourcelot, Y. Colon-specific drug delivery influence of solution reticulation properties upon pectin beads performance. Int. J. Pharm. 321,86-93 (2006)... 

Gel microbeads Calcium pectinate beads Calcium alginate beads Crosshnking of bioplymer in inner water droplets of W/O/W emnlsion Kawakatsu et al. (2001) Nakashima (1991a)... 

El-Gibaly, Ibrahim. Oral delayed-release system based on Zn-pectinate gel (ZPG) microparticles as an alternative carrier to calcium pectinate beads for colonic drug deliwetyIntemationalJoumal of Pharmaceutics 232,no. 1 (2002), 199-211. 

Munjeri, O., Collet, J.H., and Fell, J.T., Hydrogel beads based on amidated pectins for colon-specific drug delivery Role of chitosan in modifying drug release, J. Contr. Rel., 46 273-278 (1997). 

Murata Y, Miyashita M, Kofuji K, et al. Drug release properties of a gel bead prepared with pectin and hydrolysate. Control Release 2004 95(1) 61-66. 

Liu, L. S., Fishman, M. L., Hicks, K. B., Kende, M., Ruthel, G. 2006a. Pectin/Zein Beads for Potential Colon-Specific Drug Delivery Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation 13 417-423. Liu, L. S., Liu, C.-K., Finkenstadt, V. L., Jin, T. Z., Fishman, M. L., Hicks, K. B. 2006b. Pectin Films for Various Applications. Proceedings of the 35th United States - Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources PR31-34. 

The test proved to be more discriminating with denser glass beads. Binding of the coated particles to the intestine was Iras than (MC, HPMC, pectine) or equal to (NaCMC, polycarbophil) that to the stomach. As far as the cellulose derivatives are concerned, the adhesiveness to the stomach decreased in the order NaCMC > HPMC > MC (glass beads) and HPMC as NaCHC > MC (aspirin crystals). In the intestine, the order was NaCMC > HPMC = MC (glass beads) and NaCMC > HPMC > MC (aspirin crystals). These results are in agreement with previous studies. 

Floating gel beads Pectin/sodium alginate Loratadine To evaluate controlled release of loratadine from polymeric gel beads [110]... 

Calcium is a divalent cation that can be used to cross-link alginate or pectinate in the form of gel beads. These beads can be a suitable immobilization system for plant extracts or for pure polyphenolics like resveratrol, for controlled release after oral administration. 

Sriamornsak R, Sungthongjeen S., Puttipipatkhachom S. (2007). Use of pectin as a carrier for intragastric floating drug delivery Carbonate salt contained beads, 67,436-445. 

Sriamornsak R, Thirawong N., Puttipipatkhachom S. (2005). Emulsion gel beads of calcium pectinate capable of floating on the gastric fluid Effect of some additives, hardening agent or coating on release behavior of metronidazole. Eur. I. Pharm. Sci.. 24, 363-373. 

Puffed starch beads Poly(isoprene) Chitosan Pectin Pulp paper Barley Sorghum ... 

The W-acetyl chitosans are the most interesting for controlled release. Galactosylated chitosan microspheres have been prepared. Production of more specific oligoglycoside-chain chitosan might develop into active targeting of specific tissues. Pectinate gel beads modified with trimethyl chitosan have been prepared and evaluated for colon targeted delivery of macromolecules. 

Pectin Extrusion, w/or w/o calcium Beads tablet films/ membranes Drug delivery... 

L.N.M. Ribeiro, A.C.S. Alcintara, M. Darder, P. Aranda, F.M. Araiijo-Moreira, and E. Ruiz-Hitzky, Pectin-coated chitosan-LDH bionanocomposite beads as potential systems for colon-targeted drug delivery, Int. J. Pharmaceut., 463,1-9,2014. 

F.G. Prezotti, B.S.F. Cury, and R.C. Evangelista, Mucoadhesive beads of gellan gum/pectin intended to controlled delivery of drugs, Carbohydr. Polym., 113,286-295,2014. 

Jung J, Arnold RD, Wicker L (2013) Pectin and charge modified pectin hydrogel beads as a colon-targeted drug delivery carrier. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 104 116-121 Keplinger C, Sun J-Y, Foo CC et al (2013) Stretchable, transparent, ionic conductors. Science 341 984-987... 

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