Patient safety health services research

Fiankel, A., Pratt Grille, S., Pittman, M., Thomas, E.J., Horowitz, L., Page, M. and Sexton, B. 2008. Revealing and resolving patient safety defects The impact of leadership walk rounds on fronthne caregiver assessments of patient safety. Health Services Research, 43,2050-66. 

Research about issues of patient safety (health service research) with a focus on dialysis access needs further investigation. 

Ginsburg, L., Gilin, D., Tregutmo, D., Norton, PG., Flemons, W. and Fleming, M. 2009. Advancing measurement of patient safety culture. Health Services Research, 44(1), 205-24. 

Singer, S., Meterko, M., Baker, L., Gaba, D., Falwell, A. and Rosen, A. 2007. Workforce perceptions of hospital safety culture Development and vahdation of the patient safety climate in healthcare organizations survey. Health Services Research, 42(5), 1999-2021. 

Smits, M., Christiaans-Dingelhoff, L, Wagner, C., vander Wal, G. and Groenewegen, PP 2008. The psychometric properties of Hospital Smvey on Patient Safety Crrlture in Dutch hospitals. BMC Health Services Research, 8,230. 

Sorra, J.S. and Dyer, N. 2010. Mttltilevel psychometric properties of the AHRQ hospital sttrvey on patient safety cultme. BMC Health Services Research, 10, 199. 

Bodur, S. andFiliz, E. 2010. Validity and reliabihty of Turkish version of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture and perception of patient safety in pubhc hospitals in Turkey. BMC Health Service Research, 10,28. 

Chen, I.-C. and Li, H.-H. 2010. Measuring patient safely culture in Taiwan using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). BMC Health Service Research, 10, 152. 

Hanuner, A., Emstinann, N., Onunen, O., Wirtz, M., Manser, X, Pfeiffer, Y. and Pfaff, H. 2011. Psychometric properties of the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture for hospital management (HSOPS M). BMC Health Services Research, 11, 165. 

Haugen, A.S., Softeland, E., Eide, G.E., Nortvedt, M.W., Aase, K. and Harthug, S. 2010. Patient safety in surgical enviromnents Cross-countries comparison of psychometric properties and resrrlts of the Norwegian version of the Hospital Strrvey on Patient Safety. BMC Health Services Research, 10, 279. 

Hedskold, M., Prrkk-Haierrstarrr, K., Berg, E., Lirrdh, M., Soop, M., Qvretveit, J. and Sachs, M.A. 2013. Psychometric properties of the hospital survey on patient safety cirlture, HSOPSC, applied on a large Swedish health care sample. BMC Health Services Research, 13(1), 332. 

Deilkas, E. and Hofoss, D. 2010. Patient safety culture lives in departments and wards Multilevel partitioning of variance in patient safety culture. BMC Health Services Research, 10(85) doi 10.1186/1472-6963-10-85. 

Eisenberg, J. M., Medical Errors and Patient Safety A Growing Research Priority, Health Services Research, Chicago, Illinois, Vol. 35, No. 3,2000, p>p. XI-XVI. 

Miller, M. R., Elixhauser, A., Zhan G., Meyer, G. S., Patient Safety Indicators Using Administrative Data to Identify Potential Patient Safety Concerns, Health Service Research, Vol. 36, No. 5, 2001, pp. 110-132. 

Three major themes have emerged from the epidemiologic patient safety research the frequency of adverse events, the types of medical accidents, and the cost of adverse events. As health services research continues to reveal when and under what conditions adverse events occur, leaders will have access to better information and tools to improve their organization. They will also be better prepared to address the powerful external influences, such as the reaction of purchasers to the cost of medical accidents, that will increasingly affect the contracting and financing of health care services. 

Today, a growing activity to improve patient safety in all domains of medicine is reality. This chapter deals with patient safety research in general, but is also about strategies to implement this evidence in the daily clinical work treating patients on dialysis. Good clinical research practice has been well established for some years. In the domain of dialysis access, further basic, clinical, epidemiological and health service research will be important to further improve patient safety as a whole. 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel... 

Health services research (HSR) is concerned with how health care is provided and covers research into the organization of health care provision and patient safety. 

In addition, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and other federal agencies formed the Quality Interagency Coordination Task Force in 2000 and issued an action plan for reducing medical errors. In 2001, former HHS Secretary Tommy G. Thompson announced a Patient Safety Task Force to coordinate a joint effort to improve data collection on patient safety. The lead agencies are the FDA, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 

To enhance the quality, appropriateness, and effectiveness of health care services, and access to these services the federal government in the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-239) established the AHCPR. The act, sometimes referred to as the Patient Outcome Research Act, called for the establishment of a broad-based, patient-centered outcomes research program. In addition to the traditional measures of survival, clinical endpoints and disease- and treatment-specific symptoms and problems, the law mandated measures of functional status and well-being and patient satisfaction. In 1999, then President Clinton signed the Healthcare Research and Quality Act, reauthorizing AHCPR as the AHRQ until the end of fiscal year 2005. Presently, its mission is to improve the outcomes and quality of health care, reduce its costs, address patient safety and medical errors, broaden access to effective services, and improve the quality of health care services. 

Every person involved in clinical research, be he/ she a monitor, an auditor, a statistician, a medical adviser, a medical director, a head of department, a co-investigator, a company or health service chief executive, or a university vice-chancellor, should be committed to such a policy and to its publicity, not least to act as a deterrent, in a determination to stamp out fraud in clinical research if it is humanly possible. Every international company, every regulatory authority, and every individual pharmaceutical physician should strive to ensure that there is an effective mechanism in place, in every country, by which anyone who commits fraud can be summarily dealt with. Only the utmost vigor in applying this policy will be successful, but it is in the ultimate interests of patient safety that this happens. 

Sorra, J., Franklin, M. and Streagle, S. 2008. Survey User s Guide Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Rockville Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality U S. Department of Health and Human Services. 

Justin Waring is Professor of Organisational Sociology at Nottingham University Business School and a Health Foimdation Improvement Science Fellow. His research develops theoretical and methodological synergies across social science disciplines to better imderstand and improve the quality and safety of healthcare. He has researched extensively in the field of health service improvement and contributed to a socio-cultural perspective on patient safety (published by Ashgate). 

Wald, H., Shojania, K. G., Root Cause Analysis, in Making Health Care Safer A Critical Analysis of Patient Safety Practices, edited by A.J. Markowitz, Report No. 43, Agency for Health Care Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, 2001, Chapter 5, pp. 1-7. 

Patient safety depends directly on research. As described above, different methods are known in the field of dialysis access. Figure 2 gives an overview of research activities in basics, clinics epidemiology and health services. 

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