Pathologists

Beriberi, Thiamine Deficiency. The recognition of vitamins and their importance to the health of human beings came about when Eijkman, a Dutch pathologist, was sent to Java in an attempt to cure an epidemic of beriberi that had appeared in one of the hospitals. Eijkman kept a flock of chickens on the hospital grounds to assist in discovering the disease agent he assumed was involved in the etiology of beriberi. These chickens were fed the scraps from the plates of the hospital patients—primarily poHshed rice, the common food in that part of the world (11). 

Bacterial and viral myositis is well recognized as a clinical entity by muscle pathologists. The viruses most commonly involved appear to be the Coxsackie viruses, the arboviruses, influenza virus, and HIV, but the mechanism whereby the viral infection gives rise to the myositic syndrome is not known. A detailed discussion of such problems is presented later on pages 333-334. 

Over 700 internationally acclaimed medical scientists, pathologists, clinical investigators, clinicians and bioethicists are participants in this undertaking. 

Wagner LR (1997) The college of American pathologist, 1946-1996 laboratory standards. Arch Path Labor Med 121 536-541. 

P. M. Room, J. S. Hanan, and P. Prusinkiewicz, Virtual plants new perspectives for ecologists, pathologists and agricultural scientists. Trends Plant Sci. 1 33 (1996). 

Prostate needle biopsy Transrectally, a biopsy needle is inserted into the prostate. Tissue core is sent to a pathologist for analysis A normal prostate should have no evidence of BPH or prostate cancer The biopsy is consistent with BPH... 

A cancer patient may encounter many different health care professionals phlebotomists, pathologists, surgeons, medical and radiation oncologists, physician assistants, pharmacists, nurses, counselors, dieticians, social workers, and chaplains all may be involved with a single patient. Each one plays an important role in care of the cancer patient. The pharmacist s role may include education of patients and family members, education of staff about new agents and safety issues, preparation of therapies, resolution of reimbursement issues, development of order sets, and participation in clinical trials. Each patient should have access to an interdisciplinary team to assist him or her during treatment. 

False-positive results with bDNA have been observed with proficiency testing specimens for HTV-1 in the College of American Pathologists HIV-1 viral load survey and HCV in the viral quality control program administered by the Netherlands Red Cross. The reason for the false-positive results with these proficiency testing specimens is not known but may be sample matrix effects. The extent to which this problem occurs with clinical samples has not been determined. However, both the HIV-1 and HCV bDNA assays were designed to have a false-positive rate of 5%. 

Figure 6.1 Tracking the incidence of cocaine overdose deaths in Dade County, FL. Medicolegal investigations of the deaths were conducted by forensic pathologists. Forensic pathologists evaluated the scene environment and circumstances of death and autopsied the victim in order to determine the cause and manner of death. The circumstances of death and toxicology results were reviewed before classifying a death due to cocaine toxicity with or without preterminal delirium. There was a sharp increase in the incidence of cocaine-related and cocaine overdose cases with the arrival of crack cocaine in Dade County. The incidence of cocaine delirium victims is shown by year, from the first report in 1982.

One of the most accomplished forensic pathologists in the world, Dr. Steven B. Karch is a fellow of several forensic and toxicological societies and has served many years as consultant to both the legal community and the pharmaceutical industry. He has authored several books including one of the most widely used textbooks in the field, Pathology of Drug Abuse, now in its fourth edition, and A Brief History of Cocaine, now in its second edition (also available through CRC Press). 

Rosenwald, I. B. (2004). The role of translation in neoplastic transformation from a pathologist s point of view. Oncogene 23, 3230—3247. 

Wolff AC, Hammond MEH, Schwartz JN, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Guideline Recommendations for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2007 131 18-43. 

Taylor CR, Cote RJ. Immunomicroscopy A Diagnostic Tool for the Surgical Pathologist, 3rd edition. Philadelphia Elsevier Saunders, 2006. 

Taylor CR, Shi S-R. Practical issues fixation, processing and antigen retrieval. In Immunomicroscopy A Diagnostic Tool for the Surgical Pathologist, 3rd edition, ed. CR Taylor and RJ Cote, pp. 47-74. Philadelphia Elsevier Saunders, 2006. 

Specimen Specimen collection, fixation, processing, Pathologist/... 

Results Criteria for positivity/negativity in relation to Pathologist/... 

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