Paste aerosols

Pastes. Aerosols utilizing a paste as the product concentrate base differ from other formulations in that the product and the propellant do not come in contact with one another. The paste is placed in a bag that is attached to the valve system and fitted into the container. The propellant is then placed between the bag and the outer wall so that the propellant presses against the outside of the bag, dispensing the contents through the valve. 

Shampoos may be liquids, creams, pastes, aerosol, or dry. The main role of a shampoo is to wash hair and to remove soils such as dust, grease, and the other dead cells discussed above. However, hair shampoo formulations need to provide many other benefits to the consumer to be competitive... 

In the past, aerosol-based detection methods such as evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD), condensation nucleation light scattering detection... 

Storage Keep containers tightly clos when not in use to avoid water evaporation which would result in formation of a hard cmst on surf, of the paste Aerosol 22 [Cytec Ind. Cytec Ind. BV]... 

Product Concentrate. An aerosol s product concentrate contains the active ingredient and any solvent or filler necessary. Various propellent and valve systems, which must consider the solvency and viscosity of the concentrate—propellent blend, may be used to deUver the product from the aerosol container. Systems can be formulated as solutions, emulsions, dispersions, or pastes. 

Shampoos have been prepared in various forms, and have included systems that are thick and thin, clear and opaque, pourable Hquids, soflds, gels, pastes, powders, flakes, and aerosol types. In many cases, shampoos have been prepared and directed for various hair types, eg, normal, dry, damaged, and color treated. Most marketed shampoos (ca 1993) are primarily clear Hquid and opaque lotion types gel and paste forms also are available. Aerosol shampoos are available to the consumer however, their impact on the market has been limited to the dry shampoo aerosol. 

The different types of furniture pohshes include hquid or paste solvent waxes, clear oil pohshes, emulsion oil pohshes, emulsion wax pohshes, and aerosol or spray pohshes (3). Nonwoven wipes impregnated with pohsh ingredients have been targeted at consumers who do not wish to expend the time to dust before polishing (11). Compilations of representative formulas are given in References 3, 4, 12, and 13. Paste waxes contain ca 25 wt % wax, the remainder being solvent. Clear oil pohshes contain 10—15 wt % oil and a small amount of wax, the rest being solvent. Aerosol or spray products may contain 2—5 wt % of a sihcone polymer, 1—3 wt % wax, 0—30 wt % hydrocarbon solvent, and ca 1 wt % emulsifier. The remainder is water. 

Lorius et al. (1990) performed a simple multivariate analysis in which they correlate the temperature changes of the past 160 kyr (as recorded in the Vostok SD record) with changes in five forcings atmospheric CO2 plus CH4, ice volume, aerosol loading (dust and sepa-... 

In the past few years, a range of solvation dynamics experiments have been demonstrated for reverse micellar systems. Reverse micelles form when a polar solvent is sequestered by surfactant molecules in a continuous nonpolar solvent. The interaction of the surfactant polar headgroups with the polar solvent can result in the formation of a well-defined solvent pool. Many different kinds of surfactants have been used to form reverse micelles. However, the structure and dynamics of reverse micelles created with Aerosol-OT (AOT) have been most frequently studied. AOT reverse micelles are monodisperse, spherical water droplets [32]. The micellar size is directly related to the water volume-to-surfactant surface area ratio defined as the molar ratio of water to AOT,... 

To conduct experiments correctly with metals it is strongly recommended to reject the use of oil and mercury vacuum pumps because there is no guarantee that aerosols of oil or mercury get past most sophisticated traps at cooling down to 77 K and lower. Under experimental conditions the surface of objects to be analyzed and the inner walls of the vessel get gradually covered with oil film. 

Drug delivery to the respiratory tract has been characterized in the past decade by an increase in knowledge of drug droplet or particle manufacture, behavior, aerosol dispersion, lung deposition and clearance. The number of diseases for which aerosol therapy may be applicable has increased dramatically. The pharmaceutical scientist is no longer limited to pulmonary diseases as therapeutic targets. Substantial progress has been made in every area of pharmaceutical aerosol science, and it is anticipated that this will ultimately lead to many new therapies. 

Nowadays synthesis of mesoporous materials with zeolite character has been suggested to overcome the problems of week catalytic activity and poor hydrothermal stability of highly silicious materials. So different approaches for the synthesis of this new generation of bimodal porous materials have been described in the literature like dealumination [4] or desilication [5], use of various carbon forms as templates like carbon black, carbon aerosols, mesoporous carbon or carbon replicas [6] have been applied. These mesoporous zeolites potentially improve the efficiency of zeolitic catalysis via increase in external surface area, accessibility of large molecules due to the mesoporosity and hydrothermal stability due to zeolitic crystalline walls. During past few years various research groups emphasized the importance of the synthesis of siliceous materials with micro- and mesoporosity [7-9]. Microwave synthesis had... 

Minimum Effective Dose The minimum effective dose for anthrax, for example, has been stated in the past to be 8,000 to 50,000 spores in aerosol. The new, super-anthrax found in Florida and Washington, D.C., beginning about October 15, 2001, may have a minimum effective dose in spores that is much smaller. 

Aeromonas, DNA-based biosensor, 3 807 AeroSizer, 78 150—151 Aerosol containers, 7 781-782 Aerosol dispersions, 7 774-775 Aerosol drug dosage forms, 78 717 Aerosol emulsions, 7 773, 774 Aerosol flow reactors, 77 211-212 Aerosol foams, 7 773, 774 Aerosol packaging, 7 771 Aerosol pastes, 7 775 Aerosols, 7 769-787 8 697 economic aspects, 7 786 filling, 7 785-786 formulation, 7 771-780 product concentrate, 7 772-775 propellants, 7 775-781 U.S. production, 1985-2000, 7 770t Aerosol solutions, 7 772-773 Aerosol solvent extraction system (ASES), 24 17, 18... 

There is an effort to tighten estimates of how the Earth will respond to climate warming. The sensitivity of new climate models has improved, but to fully understand the Earth s response to climate warming, a better knowledge of clouds and aerosols is needed, as well as improved and more and better records of past climate changes and their drivers. 

Compo- site Tablet/ capsule Powder/ Granule Cream/ Paste Viscous liquid Dilute liquid Aerosol ... 

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