Particulate nitrogen

Factors affecting the determination of particulate nitrogen in river water have been discussed by Whitfield and McKinley [24]. 

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, particulates, nitrogen dioxide, benzoapryene, etc. from combustion sources including gas ranges, dryers, water heaters, kerosene heaters, fireplaces, wood stoves, garage, etc. Aminos from humidification equipment ... 

Recovery furnaces and boilers Air Fine and coarse particulates, nitrogen oxides, SO2... 

Attempts were made to prove the existence of the particulate amines by other techniques with only limited success. At best, indirect evidence (7) was obtained from the fact that nitrate and ammonium cannot account for total particulate nitrogen as determined by combustion. However, the observed nitrogen deficiency was much less than indicated by ESCA. An attempt to detect Nx by infrared spectroscopy (8) failed because of interfering absorption bands. 

Addition of EGA to the analysis of atmospheric aerosol particles has permitted an independent speciation and determination of the nitrogenous component for samples which have not had chemical or physical pretreatment. The discovery from ESCA analyses that a substantial fraction of the particulate nitrogen exists chemically bound to the carbonaceous fraction has been confirmed by EGA. The indication from ESCA and EGA that inorganic sulfate... 

Chang, S.G. and Novakov, T. (1975) Formation of pollution particulate nitrogen compounds by NO-soot and NH3-soot gas-particle surface reactions. Atmos. Environ., 9, 495-504. 

Figure 9.22. Oceanic cycles of organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. DOC = dissolved organic carbon POC = particulate organic carbon NPP = net primary production DN = dissolved nitrogen PN = particulate nitrogen DP = dissolved phosphorus, PP = particulate phosphorus. C and N fluxes are in units of 1012 moles C and N y1 P fluxes are in units of 1010 moles P y1.

Figure 8.2 Regression of total (dissolved and particulate) nitrogen and phosphorus from estuaries, surface films, and oceanic surface (< 50 m) and deep waters. (Modified from Downing, 1997.)...

Seitzinger, S.P., and Kroeze, C., Bouman, A.F., Caraco, N., Dentener, E, and Styles, R.V. (2002a). Global patterns of dissolved inorganic and particulate nitrogen inputs to coastal systems recent conditions and future projections. Estuaries 25, 640-655. 

For phytoplankton particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate nitrogen (PON) determination, some suspended matter was collected on precombusted (450°C) Whatman GF/F filters, dried at 60°C and stored in polystyrene Petri dishes until analysis. POC and PON were analyzed with a Carlo Erba NA 2000 elemental analyzer. The analytical error of the... 

Figure 15.10 Particulate organic carbon (POC) versus particulate nitrogen (PN) for the fine and coarse fractions of sediment in the Amazon mainstem and its tributaries.

Total particulate nitrogen (TPN) 75 pmol g-i Aller and Aller, 1986... 

Mino, Y., Saino, T., Suzuki, K., and Maranon, E. (2002). Isotopic composition of suspended particulate nitrogen in surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean from SON to SOS. Global Biogeochemical Cycles doi 10.1029/2001GB001635. 

Montoya, J. P., Wiebe, P. H., and McCarthy, J. J. (1992). Natural abundance of 15 N in particulate nitrogen and zooplankton in the Gulf Stream region and Warm-Core Ring 86A. Deep Sea Res. 39 (Suppl. 1), S363-S392. 

Calculated or measured in situ specific uptake rates horn depth profiles were converted to absolute rates using particulate nitrogen values in tables and figures. 

Wheeler, P. A. (1993). New production in the subarctic Pacific Ocean net changes in nitrate concentrations, rates of nitrate assimilation and accumulation of particulate nitrogen. Prog. Oceanogr. 32, 137-161. 

Figure 9.9 Mean annual N load for the Mississippi River at Belle Chase, LA (1979—1981), hy N form, including total nitrogen (closed triangles), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (open circles), dissolved organic nitrogen (closed circles), and particulate nitrogen (open triangles) (Alexander...

Ittekkot, V., and Zhang, S. (1989). Pattern of particulate nitrogen transport in world rivers. Global Biogeochem. Cycles. 3, 383—391. 

Figure l6.l6 Time series of particulate nitrogen (PN) export and isotopic composition determined from 150-m floating sediment trap collections at Station ALOHA. (Top) PN flux (pmol N m d ). Error bars represent SE of three to six individual trap measurements. (Bottom) Stable nitrogen isotopic composition (c5 N) of trap-collected material (%o vs. air N2). Error bars, where shown, represent SE of two to three individual trap measurements. Dotted lines represent the isotopic compositions of exported PN expected when supported entirely hy nitrate (6.5°/oo) or entirely by dinitrogen gas (0 %o). The solid line indicates a decreasing trend determined hy linear regression. The trend break at the end of 2002 remains to he explained. Updated and revised from Dore et al. (2002). 

DON concentrations of 4-8 pM have been observed in the relatively weak upweUing area off the northwest coast of Spain (Alvarez-Salgado et al., 1999). HUl and Wheeler (2002) reported values of 7 pM DON in upweUed waters off the Oregon coast. These are similar DON concentrations to the open ocean as summarized Table 17.3 of HiU and Wheeler (2002). Some of this DON is upweUed e.g., water at 50 m depth off Oregon had a mean value of 5.98 (HUl and Wheeler, 2002). Another source is from production by phytoplankton as they partition newly assimilated NO3 into particulate nitrogen and DON that is released (Bronk et al., 2006 Wetz and Wheeler, 2003). 

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