Parsnip

MYRISTICIN In moderate amounts in dill, carrot, celery, fennel, mace and nutmeg (no more than 10% tops). Makes up about 40% of the oil of parsnip and can reach up to 50-60% of the oil of parsley leaves and seeds. Give nutmeg a rest folks It just don t have it when compared to parsley and parsnip. 

The ordinary heraoleum oil is disiDled from thcfi ap/iendi/fti[Pg.323]

Two samples of parsnip oil rxamir.ed by Koure-Iiertraiid Fila had the following characters, Sample No. 1 was a Geiman distilled oil from the seeds only sample No. 2 was an luilliiti distilled oil from the aleina with dowers and sruds.—... 

Or, dilution Tith 00 pec c large quantity of pamffins. lion it thickeus a litilr. but dor Oil of parsnip couiain-- a u alcohol. 

BiirStt-klau,/. bear s-breech (Acanthus mollis or, incorrectly, the cow parsnip, Heracleum sphondyhum). -traube, /. bearberry (Arcto-itaphylos uva ursi). -wurzel, /. saxifrage. BUrfett, n. bear fat. 

The edible parts of parsnips contain a chemical of insecticidal and strong synergistic nature. This chemical, present in a concentration of about 200 p.p.m., was isolated and identified as 5-allyl-l-methoxy -2, 3-methylene-dioxybenzene or myristicin. Its toxicity to various insects (fruit flies, etc.) was established and compared with pyrethrum and aldrin. A second chemical, identified as 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate, was found in the edible parts of turnips and rutabaga, which also have been consumed for centuries by humans without obvious harm. 

Carroll M. J. and Berenbaum M. R. (2002). Behavioral responses of the parsnip webworm to host plant volatiles. J Chem Ecol 28 2191-2201. 

Zidorn C, Johrer K, Ganzera M, Schubert B, Sigmund E M, Mader J, Greil R, Ellmerer E P and Stuppner H (2005), Polyacetylenes from the Apiaceae vegetables, carrot, celery, fennel, parsley, and parsnip and their cytotoxic activities , J Agric Food Chem, 53, 2518-2523. 

Other coumarin-related compounds include furans, found in moldy sweet potatoes, and the furan coumarin complexes (furanocoumarins) found in parsnip leaves (psoralens). They are photoreactive compounds (primary photosensitizers) that exacerbate sunburn to psoralen exposed skin. 

Parsnips, for example, belong to the same family—the Apiaceae—as carrots, and are also a favourite of the carrot rust fly. 

Carrot family beet family Grow carrots, parsnips, celery, beets, spinach, and chard on this plot On poorer ground, add compost to the soil, except where carrots and parsnips are to be sown. Sow winter rye or buckwheat as a green manure over winter. 

Carrots and parsnips are direct-sown hardy crops that may be left in the ground for use over winter, or harvested for storage. Early carrots, quicker to crop, are eaten fresh. Both crops prefer... 

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)... 

From left) Carrot In flower parsnip parsley Florence fennel... 

Details of preparation and storage conditions for crops that last well through the winter are given here (seepanel, left). Some other crops can also be stored for shorter periods for example, carrots, parsnips, beets, rutabagas, and celeriac keep well if packed in moist sand or fine leaf mold in shallow trays or boxes. 

Susceptible plants Brassicas, especially turnip and rutabaga also celery, cucurbits, leek, lettuce, onion, parsnip, potato, tomato, and cyclamen. 

Small, shiny black flies lay eggs in small clusters near host plants, starting in late spring. The larvae are creamy-white, up to Vz in (1 cm) long. Pupae, and sometimes larvae, overwinter in soil and roots of carrot and parsnip. There are two or three generations per year, the first causing most damage. 

Susceptible plants Primarily a severe pest of carrots. Also attacks celery, chervil, parsley, and parsnip. 

Susceptible plants Cabbage, carrot, cherries, onion, parsnip, plum, potato, rutabaga, and tomato. 

Source Methanol occurs naturally in small-flowered oregano (5 to 45 ppm) (Baser et al., 1991), Guveyoto shoots (700 ppb) (Baser et al., 1992), orange juice (0.8 to 80 ppm), onion bulbs, pineapples, black currant, spearmint, apples, jimsonweed leaves, soybean plants, wild parsnip, blackwood, soursop, cauliflower, caraway, petitgrain, bay leaves, tomatoes, parsley leaves, and geraniums (Duke, 1992). 

Androgenic compounds occur in various plants. Celery stalks and parsnip roots contain trace amounts of androstenedione (Fig. 11.12), the same compound found in boar odor (Claus and Hoppen, 1979). Testosterone is also found in pollen of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris). 

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