Para-Dichlorobenzene

Cyclohexane, cumene, para-dichlorobenzene (p-DCBj, chlorodifluoromethane (CFC22J Xylenes... 

Organic chemicals made directly from chlorine include derivatives of methane methyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene ortho- and para-dichlorobenzenes ethyl chloride, and ethylene chloride. 

Chlorination of benzene is an electrophilic substitution reaction in which CL serves as the electrophile. The reaction occurs in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as FeCls. The products are a mixture of mono- and dichlorobenzenes. The ortho- and the para-dichlorobenzenes are more common than meta-dichlorobenzene. The ratio of the mono-chloro to dichloro products essentially depends on the benzene/chlorine ratio and the residence time. The ratio of the dichloro-isomers (0- to p- to m-dichlorobenzenes) mainly depends on the reaction temperature and residence time ... 

Fig. 22. Deuteron NMR spectra at room temperature for the phenyl groups in polycarbonate itself and in mixtures of polycarbonate and para-dichlorobenzene and polychlorinated biphenyls as indicated. Note that the additives block the phenyl motion for a substantial fraction of the monomer units...

Naphthalene has been used as a moth repellant and an insecticide, but these uses are decreasing due to the increasing use of para-dichlorobenzene instead. Derivatives of naphthalene are used in dyes and drugs. An example of the latter is the pain reliever naproxen (sold in drugstores as Aleve ). Some anthracene derivatives are also used as dyes. 

Cyclohexane. Cumene. para-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB). Chlorodifluoromethane (CFC 22). Xylenes. 

Synonyms AI3-00050 BRN 1680023 Caswell No. 632 CCRIS 307 4-Chlorophenyl chloride p-Chlorophenyl chloride 1,4-DCB p-DCB Dichloricide 4-Dichlorobenzene p-Dichloro-benzene para-Dichlorobenzene 4-Dichlorobenzol p-Dichlorobenzol EINECS 203-400-5 EPA pesticide chemical code 061501 Evola NC1-C54955 NSC 36935 Paracide Para crystals Paradi Paradichlorobenzene Paradichlorobenzol Paradow Paramoth Paranuggetts Parazene Parodi PDB PDCB Persia-Perazol RCRA waste number U072 Santochlor UN 1592. 

DCB, see 1,4-Dichlorobenzene o-DCB, see 1,2-Dichlorobenzene ort/to-Dichlorobenzene, see 1,2-Dichlorobenzene /n-DCB, see 1,3-Dichlorobenzene /nefa-Dichlorobenzene, see 1,3-Dichlorobenzene p-DCB, see 1,4-Dichlorobenzene para-Dichlorobenzene, see 1,4-Dichlorobenzene DCDMH, see l,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin... 

Using the same BHT sample, add about 1.0 g of para-dichlorobenzene (PDB) to the test tube. Record the mass in Data Table 1. Repeat steps 3-5 above. Be sure to stir the solution once it has all melted. 

Azouz WM, Parke DV, Williams RT. 1955. Studies in detoxication. The metabolism of halogenobenzenes. Ortho-and para-dichlorobenzenes. Biochem J 59 410-415. 

EPA. 1987n. Preliminary use and substitutes analysis of para-dichlorobenzene. Report to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances, Washington, DC, by ICF Incorporated, Washington, DC. 

EPA. 1987p. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Final draft criteria document for ortho-dichlorobenzene, meta-dichlorobenzene, para-dichlorobenzene. Criteria and Standards Division. Office of Drinking Water. EPA, Washington, DC. 

Instituto di Ricerche Biomediche. 1986a. Study of the capacity of the test article para-dichlorobenzene to induce "unscheduled DNA synthesis" in cultured HeLa cells. Experiment Nos. M1032/1-2. 

Miyai I, Hirono N, Fujita M, et al. 1988. Reversible ataxia following chronic exposure to para-dichlorobenzene. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 51 453-454. 

Monsanto. 1986. Material safety data sheet for Santochlor (para-dichlorobenzene). Monsanto Company. St. Louis, MO. 

Morita M, Ohi G. 1975. Para-dichlorobenzene in human tissue and atmosphere in Tokyo metropolitan area. Environ Pollut 8 269-274. 

Murthy RC, Migally N, Doye A, et al. 1987. Effect of para-dichlorobenzene on testes of rats. Adv Contracept Delivery Syst 3 35-40. 

Pagnotto LD, Walkley JE. 1965. Urinary dichlorophenol as an index of para-dichlorobenzene exposure. J Am Ind Hyg Assn 26 137-142. 

Riley RA, Chart IS, Doss A, et al. 1980. Para-dichlorobenzene Long-term inhalation study in the rat. ICI Report No. CTL/P/447. August, 1980. 

Sarbhoy RK. 1980. Effect of para-dichlorobenzene on the somatic chromosomes and mitosis of Lens esculenta (L.) Moench. Cytologia 45 381-388. 

Monochlorobenzene is a flammable clear liquid (fp, -45"C bp, 132°C) used as a solvent, solvent carrier for methylene diisocyanate, pesticide, heat transfer fluid, and in the manufacture of aniline, nitrobenzene, and phenol. The 1,2- isomer of dichlorobenzene (ortho-dichlorobenzene) has been used as a solvent for degreasing hides and wool and as a raw material for dye manufacture. The 1,4- isomer (para-dichlorobenzene) is also used in dye manufacture and as a moth repellant and germicide. All three isomers have been used as fumigants and insecticides. The 1,2- and 1,3-(meta) isomers are liquids under ambient conditions, whereas the 1,4- isomer is a white sublimable solid. Used as a solvent, lubricant, dielectric fluid, chemical intermediate, and formerly as a termiticide, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene is a liquid (fp, 17°C bp, 213°C). 

NQR frequencies for 3SC1 at 77 °K in ortho-, meta- and para-dichlorobenzene are given in Table II.3. The interpretation of the results runs into difficulties because of the crystal field effects. These influences are very difficult to evaluate. They certainly change from substance to substance. Qualitatively, we can characterize the crystal field effect in the following way 76). 

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