Pyrolysis oxidative

Burning a portion of a combustible reactant with a small additive of air or oxygen. Such oxidative pyrolysis of light hydrocarbons to acetylene is done in a special burner, at 0.001 to 0.01 s reaction time, peak at 1,400°C (2,552°F), followed by rapid quenching with oil or water. 

Historieally, by the time aeetylene itself found industrial applieation, its praetieal value was already obvious (00ZPK619 00UK642). In aeetylene produetion by eleetroeraeking, oxidative pyrolysis of hydroearbons, or plasma proeesses, the amount of diaeetylene is potentially 5% of the aeetylene output. Meanwhile, the problem of applieation of diaeetylene has still not been solved, and it is eurrently burned in the flare (00ZPK619 00UK642). 

Because the activation energy and preexponential factor for the fuel and oxidizer pyrolysis reactions are not identical, the only way for Eq. (30) to be valid is for Ta t Tf. 

Amine oxide pyrolysis occurs at temperatures of 100°-150°C. The reaction can proceed at room temperature in DMSO.323 If more than one type of (3-hydrogen can attain the eclipsed conformation of the cyclic TS, a mixture of alkenes is formed. The product ratio parallels the relative stability of the competing TSs. Usually more of the /f-alkene is formed because of the larger steric interactions present in the TS leading to the Z-alkene, but the selectivity is generally not high. 

The increase in char yield, the decrease in exothermicity, and the delay of the peak oxidative-pyrolysis rate by the zinc... 

The heat release data presented with their diffences between various cellulosic and lignocellulosic material in a general way thus are in no disagreement with data in the literature. They can hopefully contribute to a better understanding of the oxidative pyrolysis. 

CCOP [Chlorine-catalyzed oxidative pyrolysis] A process for converting methane into a mixture of ethylene and acetylene. Invented by the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, and under development by Dow Chemical Company in 1991. 

Oxidative damage, role of ascorbic acid in preventing, 25 769 Oxidative degradation, 70 682 of gasoline, 72 399-400 Oxidative dehydrogenation, 23 342-343 Oxidative pyrolysis, 27 466 Oxidative stability, of olefin fibers, 77 229 Oxidative stability test, 72 400 Oxide crystal glass-ceramics, 72 641 Oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloys, 77 103-104... 

Pyrochemiluminescence was adopted by AOAC International, as a method for determination of total N in urine. The reaction of ozone with the products of oxidative pyrolysis is measured with a CLD average recovery of total N in urine in a collaborative study of twelve laboratories was 99.9% with RSD ranging from 3.66 to 9.57%28. 

Fig. 28. Major reaction channels for the oxidative pyrolysis of CH3CI/CH4 (from Karra and Senkan, 1988).

Granada, A., Karra, S. B., and Senkan, S. M., Conversion of CH4 into CjH2 and CjH by the chlorine-catalyzed oxidative-pyrolysis (CCOP) process Oxidative pyrolysis of CH3CI, Ind. Chem. Eng. Res. 26, 1901 (1987). 

Senkan, S., Conversion of Methane by Chlorine Catalyzed Oxidative Pyrolysis, Chem. Eng. Prog., 12, 58 (1987). 

Thermal Degradation The term refers to the decomposition or degradation of a material due to exposure to heat or energy. Materials can be thermally degraded into three principal ways anaerobic pyrolysis, oxidative pyrolysis ( smoldering ), and flaming combustion. 

Propane s greatest use is not as a fuel but in the petrochemical industry as a feedstock. As an alkane, it undergoes typical alkane reactions of combustion, halogenation, pyrolysis, and oxidation. Pyrolysis or cracking of propane at several hundred degrees Celsius and elevated pressure in combination with metal catalysts result in dehydrogenation. Dehydrogenation is a primary source of ethylene and propylene ... 

The present preparation of methylenecyclohexane is an example of an amine oxide pyrolysis. This route from amines to olefins in many cases yields pure olefins where the alternative method, the Hofmann exhaustive methylation reaction, is accompanied by some rearrangement to more stable isomeric olefins. 

Amide reduction with lithium aluminum hydride, 39, 19 Amine oxide formation, 39, 40 Amine oxide pyrolysis, 39, 41, 42 -Aminoacetanilide, 39, 1 Amino adds, synthesis of, 30, 7 2-Amino-4-anilino-6-(chloro-METHYl) -S-TRIAZINE, 38, 1 -Aminobenzaldehyde, 31, 6 hydrazone, 31, 7 oxime, 31, 7 phenylhydrazone, 31, 7 > -Aminobenzoic add, 36, 95 2-Aminobenzophenone, 32, 8 c-Aminocaproic acid, 32, 13 6-Aminocaproic acid hydrochloride,... 

A. C. Cope and E. R. Trumbull, "Olefins from Amines. The Flofmann Elimination Reaction and Amine Oxide Pyrolysis," Organic Reactions 11, 317 (1960). 

One of the possible applications of Th(OR)4 has been proposed by Mazdi-yasni [1082], who reported the preparation of fine Th02 powder on the oxidative pyrolysis of alkoxides in the gas phase. 

The product yields are particularly dependent upon the composition of the polymeric material, the temperature, and the ventilation conditions. Once the temperature of the surface is raised sufficiently (generally to around 300°C), then a process of thermal decomposition by oxidative pyrolysis begins. The products of nonflaming decomposition tend to be rich in partly decomposed organic molecules (many of which are irritants), carbon monoxide, and smoke particulates. This scenario presents a particular hazard to a sleeping subject in a small enclosure such as a closed bedroom, which can reach a lethal dose over a number of hours.6... 

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