Anaerobic pyrolysis

Thermal Degradation The term refers to the decomposition or degradation of a material due to exposure to heat or energy. Materials can be thermally degraded into three principal ways anaerobic pyrolysis, oxidative pyrolysis ( smoldering ), and flaming combustion. 

Destructive distillation or anaerobic pyrolysis may be used, as a last expedient, to derive fuel or feedstock values from low grades of recovered plastics. This option is more often used for vinyl-type polymers, some of which can yield fairly uniform product by this means. This option is discussed more fully in Chapter 23, which covers the details of these types of polymers. 

Separation, combustion, pyrolysis, hydrogena-tion, anaerobic fermen-tation, aerobic fermen-tation, biophotolysis, partial oxidation, steam reforming, chemical hy-drolysis, enzyme hydrol-ysis, other chemical conversions, natural processes... 

Another emerging area m biofuels is pyrolysis, which is the decomposition of biomass into other more usable fuels using a high-temperature anaerobic process. Pyrolysis converts biomass into charcoal and a liquid called biocrude. This liquid has a high energy density and is cheaper to transport and store than the unconverted biomass. Biocrude can be burned in boilers or used in a gas turbine. Biocrude also can be chemical by altered into other fuels or chemicals. Use of pyrolysis may make bioenergy more feasible in regions not near biomass sources. Biocrude is about two to four times more expensive than petroleum crude. 

O Neill, G. L. Brazier, J. S. Magee, J. T. Duerden, B. I. A comparison of PCR ribotyping and pyrolysis mass spectrometry for typing clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile. Anaerobe 1996, 2, 211-215. 

Anaerobic Fermen- Metabolic Gasification High-pressure Pyrolysis... 

Anaerobic digestion, like pyrolysis, occurs in the absence of air. But, the decomposition is caused by bacterial action rather than high temperatures. This process takes place in most biological materials, but it is accelerated by warm, wet and airless conditions. It occurs naturally in decaying vegetation in ponds, producing the type of marsh gas that can catch fire. 

When the pyrolysis temperature increased the biochar yield decreased. The biochar yield increased with increasing particle size of the sample. The yield of biooil from pyrolysis of the samples increased with temperature. Anaerobic biogas prodnction is an effective process for conversion of a broad variety of agricultural biomass to methane to snbstitnte natnral gas and medinm calorific valne gases. 

It would be helpful to develop data determining the accuracy of PBDE determinations (e.g., percent recovery) in environmental samples. Methods for determining degradation products and metabolites of PBDE are needed. There is no information in the literature of detectable biodegradation of PBDEs in the environment under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The analysis of PBDE pyrolysis degradation products, such as polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), is often disturbed by the presence of PBDEs. Ebert et al. (1999) demonstrated that by using a Florisil column ina sample clean-up process, almost complete separation of PBDEs and PBDD/Fs is achieved before analysis by GC-MS. 

Biomass conversion technologies can be classified into three main types Anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis and alcohol fermenta-... 

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