Owen factors

Eq. 4.29, known as Owen factors. These last factors are tabulated in Table 4.7. 

Defoaming is necessary in several industrial branches and is often a key factor for efficient operation. A review on defoamers is given by Owen [1381] in Kirk-Othmer. 

The sampling variance of the material determined at a certain mass and the number of repetitive analyses can be used for the calculation of a sampling constant, K, a homogeneity factor, Hg or a statistical tolerance interval (m A) which will cover at least a 95 % probability at a probability level of r - a = 0.95 to obtain the expected result in the certified range (Pauwels et al. 1994). The value of A is computed as A = k 2R-s, a multiple of Rj, where is the standard deviation of the homogeneity determination,. The value of fe 2 depends on the number of measurements, n, the proportion, P, of the total population to be covered (95 %) and the probability level i - a (0.95). These factors for two-sided tolerance limits for normal distribution fe 2 can be found in various statistical textbooks (Owen 1962). The overall standard deviation S = (s/s/n) as determined from a series of replicate samples of approximately equal masses is composed of the analytical error, R , and an error due to sample inhomogeneity, Rj. As the variances are additive, one can write (Equation 4.2) ... 

J. W. Poole, G. Owen, J. Silverio, J. N. Freyhot, and S. B. Roseman, Physicochemical factors influencing the absorption of the anhydrous and trihydrate forms of ampicillin, Curr. Ther. Res., 10, 292-303 (1968). 

Katsuhiko, M., Owens, J.T., Belyaeva, T.A., Meares, C.F., Busby, S.J.W., and Ishihama, A. (1997) Positioning of two alpha subunit carboxy-terminal domains of RNA polymerase at promoters by two transcription factors. PNAS 94, 11274-11278. 

Arborelius L, Owens MJ, Plotsky PM, Nemeroff CB. (1999). The role of corticotropin-releasing factor in depression and anxiety disorders. J Endocrinol. 160(1) 1-12. 

Munakata T, Adachi N, Yokoyama N, Kuzuhara T, Horikoshi M (2000) A human homolog of yeast anti-silencing factor has histone chaperone activity. Genes to Cells 5 221-233 Okuwaki M, Matsumoto K, Tsujimoto M, Nagata K (2001) Function of nucleophosmin/B23, a nuclear acidic protein, as a histone chaperone. FEBS Lett 506 272-276 Owen-Hughes T (2003) Colworth memorial lecture. Pathways for remodeling chromatin. Biochem. Soc.Trans 31 893-905... 

Santee, S. M., and Owen-Schaub, L. B. (1996) Human tumor necrosis factor receptor p75/80 (CD 120b) gene structure and promoter characterization. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271, 21151-21159. 

Owen M.J. and Bishop, P.T. (1973). Critical stress intensity factors applied to glass reinforced polyester resin. J. Composite Mater. 7, 146-159. 

Table II I4I, 149-162) consists of a summary of 9-factors, D values and hyperfine coupling constants observed for ions of the first transition series. A molecular orbital (MO) treatment of the metal ion and ligand orbitals has been discussed by Stevens 163) and Owen 164) to account for covalent bonding and resulting hyperfine structure from hgands of transition element ions. Expressions derived for g-factors and hyperfine coupling constants from a MO treatment allow an estimation of the amount of charge transfer of metal electrons to ligand orbitals. Owen 164) has given a MO treatment of Cr +, Ni++ and Cu++ assuming no t bonding.

Mundlos S, Otto F, Mundlos C, Mulliken JB, Aylsworth AS, Albright S, Lindhout D, Cole WG, Henn W, Knoll JH, Owen MJ, Mertelsmann R, Zabel BU, and Olsen BR (1997) Mutations involving the transcription factor CBFAl cause cleidocranial dysplasia. Cell 89 773-779. 

Coplan JD, Andrewa MW, Rosenblum LA, Owens MJ, Freidman S, Gorman JM, Nemeroff CB (1996) Persistent elevations of cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of corticotropinreleasing factor in adult nonhuman primates exposed to early-life stressors implications for the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93 1619-... 

Skelton KH, Nemeroff CB, Knight DL, Owen MJ (2000) Chronic administration of the triazolobenzodiazepine alprazolam produces opposite effects on corticotropin-releasing factor and urocortin neuronal systems. J Neurosci 20 1240-1248... 

Altemus M, Cizza G, Gold P (1992) Chronic fluoxetine treatment reduces hypothalamic vasopressin secretion in vitro. Brain Res 593 311-313 Appenrodt E, Schnabel R, Schwarzberg H (1998) Vasopressin administration modulates anxiety-related behavior in rats. Physiol Behav 64 543-547 Arborelius L, Owens MJ, PlotskyPM, Nemeroff CB (1999) The role of corticotropin-releasing factor in depression and anxiety disorders. J Endocrinol 160 1-12 Argiolas A, Gessa GL (1991) Central functions of oxytocin. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 15 217-231... 

Koegler-Muly SM, Owens MJ, Ervin GN, Kilts CD, Nemeroff CB (1993) Potential corticotropin-releasing factor pathways in the rat brain as determined by bilateral electrolytic lesions of the central amygdaloid nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 5 95-98... 

Stogner KA, Holmes PV (2000) Neuropeptide-Y exerts antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 387 R9-R10 Stout SC, Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB (2002) Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor neuronal systems and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity by stress and chronic antidepressant treatment. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 300 1085-1092 StrOhle A, Jahn H, Montkowski A, Liebsch G, Boll E, Landgraf R, Holsboer F, Wiedemann K (1997) Central and peripheral administration of atriopeptin is anxiolytic in rats. Neuroendocrinology 65 210-215... 

Ladd, C.O., Owens, M.J., and Nemeroff, C.B. (1996) Persistent changes in corticotropin-releasing factor neuronal systems induced by maternal deprivation. Endocrinology 137 1212-1218. 

Coplan, J.D, Smith, E.L, Coplan, J.D., Smith, E.L., Trost, R.C., Scharf, B.A., Alternus, M. Bjornson, L., Rosenblum, L.A., Owens, M.J., Nemeroff, C.B., and Gorman, J.M. (2000) Growth hormone response to clonidine in adversely reared young adult primates relationship to serial cerebrospinal fluid corticotropinreleasing factor concentrations. Psychiatry Res 95 93-102. 

Nemeroff CB, Owens MJ, Bissette G, et al Reduced corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) binding sites in the frontal cortex of suicides. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45 577-579, 1988... 

Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB Physiology and pharmacology of corticotropin-releasing factor. Pharmacol Rev 43 425-473, 1991... 

Owens MJ, Vargas AM, Nemeroff CB The effects of alprazolam on corticotropin-releasing factor neurons in the rat brain implications for a role for CRF in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorder. J Psychiatr Res 27 (suppl 1) 209, 1993 Ozaki N, Chuang DM Lithium increases transcription factor binding to AP-1 and cyclic AMP-responsive element in cultured neurons and rat brain. J Neurochem 69 2336-2344, 1997... 

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