Ovarian, familial breast cancer

BRCA-1 DNA repair ovarian, familial breast cancer... 

Genetic, reproductive, and environmental factors have been identified to play a role in the development of ovarian cancer. The vast majority of ovarian cancers are sporadic in nature. Patients with a family history are at high risk, although an identifiable genetic predisposition for hereditary ovarian cancer is found only in approximately 5% of affected women. Families with three or more first-degree relatives with ovarian and/or ovarian and breast cancer carry a substantially (16%-60%) increased risk for developing ovarian cancer. 

Tang and co-workers reported the synthesis and characterization of similar systems based on curcumin-polyacetals (Tang et al, 2010), which were shown to be highly cytotoxic in vitro against ovarian and breast cancer cell lines (SKOV-3, OVCAR-3 and MCF-7) and in vivo, with remarkable antitumour activity in a SKOV-3 ovarian cancer model in mice. Very recently, England et al. (2012) confirmed the versatility of these carriers by reporting the first family of nanomedicine (polyacetal-stilbene conjugates) modulators of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a key transcription factor involved in key cell processes. 

Bowgogk, a. M., Molecular cloning of BRCAl a gene for early onset familial breast and ovarian cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 1993, 28(2), 121—35. 

BRCAl and BRCA2 are frequently mutated in a variety of human cancers. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. A total of more than a million women will be diagnosed with breast cancer worldwide with more than 400,000 deaths annually. The germ line mutations of BRCAl/2 are associated with hereditary breast cancer which account for 5-7% of all breast cancer cases (12, 13). Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological cancer with more than 140,000 deaths annually worldwide. The germ line and somatic BRCAl/2 mutations have been reported to occur in approximately 10% of ovarian cancer patients (14, 15). BRCAl/2 mutations have also been shown to occur frequently in Ashkenazi Jewish families with pancreatic cancer (16). 

A further follow-up and analysis of 3879 women, taken from two earlier US studies, who had been exposed to diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy has been presented (42). The results showed a modest association between diethylstilbestrol exposure and the risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.27 95% Cl = 1.07,1.52). The increased risk was not further aggravated by a family history of breast cancer, by use of oral contraceptives, or by HRT. There was no evidence that diethylstilbestrol was associated with a raised risk of ovarian, endometrial, or other hormone-associated cancers. 

Estimates from multiple logistic regression models including terms for age, study center, year of interview, education, parity, oral contraceptive use, and family history of ovarian and/or breast cancer and energy intake, according to the residual model. b Reference category. 

With the identification and characterization of all members of the kallikrein gene family, accumulating evidence indicates that other kallikreins might be also related to hormonal (e.g., breast, prostate, testicular, and ovarian cancers) and other malignancies. KLK6 and KLK10 were originally isolated by differential display from breast cancer libraries [216],... 

Tanioxircn hits seen extensive use in treating primary breast cancers that arc ER dependent, For premenopausal women with metastatic disease, tamoxifen is an alternative and adjuvant with oophorectomy, ovarian irradiation, and mastectomy. Tamoxifen u.se. however, is not problem free. Tamoxifen increases the incidence of endometrial polyps. hyperplasia, and carcinoma and uterine sarcomas. The risk of endometrial cancer resulting from tamoxifen is. however. much lower than the "modest but highly significant reductions in morbidity and mortality of breast cancer." Becau.se of the increased risk of endometrial cancer with tamoxifen therapy, tamoxifen. should be u.sed to prevent breast cancer only in women at high ri.sk. Women without a family history of breast cancer or other risks should not use tamoxifen in this manner. 

Receptor Family erb-B2 Amplification Cell membrane Breast, ovarian, lung, stomach cancer... 

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