Other Anticancer Agents Paclitaxel

Combinations with Other Anticancer Agents Paclitaxel 

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Combinations with Other Anticancer Agents Paclitaxel... 

Other anticancer agents have distinct mechanisms paclitaxel and its relatives target microtubules as do the vinca alkaloids. Antiestrogens and antiandrogens target estrogen and androgen receptors. 

Other applications include bioequivalent measurements of bromazepam, an anticonvulsant, in human plasma. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL (Gongalves et al. 2005). Kuhlenbeck et al. (2005) studied antitussive agents (dextromethorphan, dextrophan, and guaifenesin) in human plasma LLOQ values were 0.05, 0.05, and 5 ng/mL, respectively. Other compounds studied were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, zidovudine (AZT) and lamivudine (3TC) (de Cassia et al. 2004) and stavudine (Raices et al. 2003) in human plasma, and paclitaxel, an anticancer agent, in human serum (Schellen et al. 2000). 

The second chapter addresses new facets of the medicinal chemistry of the important anticancer drug Taxol (paclitaxel). Ojima and coworkers explore, in particular, the structure-activity relationship associated with the 3-phenylisoserine side chain, synthetically exploiting their P-Lactam Synthon Method . Their research has led to, among other things, a series of noteworthy second-generation taxoid anticancer agents. 

Some naturally occurring or semisynthetic non-Taxol taxoids can restore MDR tumor cells sensitivity toward paclitaxel and other anticancer drugs. These taxoids are usually weakly cytotoxic thus, they are ideal candidates for combined use with cytotoxic agents. 

In other applications of ChitoPEG, the carrier for anticancer agent has been characterized by modifying the hydrophobic moiety. Paclitaxel as a typical hydrophobic anticancer agent has been known to have a significant activity to a wide range of tumors, but it has a serious problem including toxic side effects and poor solubility in the conventional aqueous injection solution. Especially,... 

Therapeutic profile Paclitaxel Taxol is an anticancer agent with a broad spectrum of activity against tumours that are often refractive to other drugs. 

Although paclitaxel was reported to be effective against ovarian and breast cancers resistant to other first-line anticancer drugs in clinics, the patients often relapsed and did not respond to these antimmor agents, including pachtaxel, anymore. Unfortunately, docetaxel was also inactive toward paclitaxel-resistant tumors. 

The study of natural products, or Nature s Combinatorial Library , has had a long history as a source of drugs, and plants have historically been at the forefront of natural product drug discovery. In the anticancer area, for example, vinblastine and vincristine, etoposide, paclitaxel (Taxol), docetaxel, topotecan, and irinotecan, among others, are all plant-derived natural products or modified versions of plant compounds, while antimalarial therapy would be much poorer without quinine and artemisinin and the drugs derived from these plant products. This chapter provides an overview of the major medicinal agents that are themselves natural products isolated from plants or are chemical modifications of such lead compounds. It covers the therapeutic areas of cancer, HIV, malaria, cardiovascular, and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Natural plant products have also made contributions in areas such as immunomodulatory and antibiotic activities," and the reader is referred to the cited reviews for information on these areas. 

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