Osteoporosis back pain

Letrozole is another selective aromatase that inhibits the conversion of androgens to estrogen. Maximum plasma concentrations occur 1 hour after oral dosing concomitant food has not been shown to have an effect on the extent of absorption of letrazole. The terminal half-life is approximately 2 days. Letrozole is used in the treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive or unknown advanced breast cancer. Side effects include bone pain, hot flushes, back pain, nausea, arthralgia, osteoporosis/bone fractures, and dyspnea. 

The most common osteoporosis-related fractures involve the vertebrae, proximal femur, and distal radius (wrist or Colies fracture). Two-thirds of patients with vertebral fractures are asymptomatic the remainder present with moderate to severe back pain that radiates down a leg after a new vertebral fracture. The pain usually subsides significantly after 2 to 4 weeks, but residual, chronic, low-back pain may persist. Multiple vertebral fractures decrease height and sometimes curve the spine (kyphosis or lordosis) with or without significant back pain. 

Approximately 50% to 60% of patients develop Cushing-induced osteoporosis about 40% present with back pain and 20% will progress to compression fractures of the spine. 

Otitis media is inflammation or infection of the middle ear and is not usually associated with back pain. Osteoporosis is a condition occurring mostly in postmenopausal women and is characterised by brittle bones caused by reduced bone mass. It is presented with pain. If it occurs in the vertebral structure the condition may be associated with chronic back pain. Pregnancy may be associated with back pain because of an increase in weight and the increased strain. 

Predisposing factors for low back pain include osteoporosis, trauma and pregnancy. 

Back pain may be associated with osteoporosis and pregnancy. Osteomalacia refers to insufficient mineralisation of the bones, resulting in soft bones. 

Rheumatic disease is defined as disease of connective tissue and medical disorders of the musculoskeletal system . The medical discipline concerned with these diseases is referred to as rheumatology. The majority of rheumatic diseases are soft tissue rheumatism and nonspecific low back pain (LBP), autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases, osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis, crystal-deposition disease and infectious arthritis. 

A 48-year-old white man is noted to have osteopenia on a routine LS spine film while being evaluated for back pain. His bone density reveals osteoporosis of both his hip and LS spine. All of the choices are possible EXCEPT... 

A 46-year-old woman with low back pain and osteoporosis took salmon calcitonin subcutaneously 100 U/ day and calcium carbonate orally 1.5 g/day for 7 days before developing nausea and facial flushing (13). Calcitonin was continued for a further 8 days and then stopped. The next day she developed intermittent generalized convulsions. She was subsequently found to have breast cancer with skeletal metastases and hypercalcemia (3.9 mmol/1) without a reduced... 

The most important precaution during replacement and pharmacotherapy is to see the patient regularly with an awareness of the possibilities of adverse effects including fluid retention (weight gain), hypertension, glycosuria, h)q)okalaemia (potassium supplement may be necessary) and back pain (osteoporosis) and of the serious hazard of patient noncompliance. 

Ringe JD, Faber H, Bock O, Valentine S, Felsenberg D, Pfeifer M, Minne HW, Schwalen S. Transdermal fentanyl for the treatment of back pain caused by vertebral osteoporosis. Rheumatol Int 2002 22(5) 199-203. 

Despite the evidence that estrogens can be of value in countering osteoporosis, some studies have suggested that women who use them are more hkely to have back pain than those who do not the possible causal link has remained unclear, and continues so despite recent confirmation of the phenomenon. Baseline information on... 

Musculoskeletal Field concerned with the muscles and the bones of the body. Studies in this area include aging, bone density, bone fractures, chronic back pain, hip replacement, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, spinal cord injuries, and others. 

Cook DJ, Guyatt GH, Adachi JD, et al. Development and validation of the mini-osteoporosis quality of life questionnaire (OQLQ) in osteoporotic women with back pain due to vertebral fractures. Osteoporosis Quality of Life Study Group. Osteoporos Int 1999 10 207-213. 

Vertebral body fracture is one of the main causes for severe debilitating back pain causing a reduction of hfe quality, physical function, and survival (Stallmeyer et al. 2003). A vast majority of the vertebral body fractures is caused by an underlying osteoporosis. Vertebroplasty... 

For the physical assessment, the nurse generally appraises the patient s physical condition and limitations. If the patient has arthritis (any type), the nurse examines the affected joints in the extremities for appearance of the skin over the joint, evidence of joint deformity, and mobility of the affected joint. Fhtients with osteoporosis are assessed for pain particularly in the upper and lower back or hip. Vital signs and weight are taken to provide a baseline for comparison during therapy. If the patient has gout, the nurse examines the affected joints and notes the appearance of the skin over the joints and any joint enlargement. 

Chronic exposure to high levels of cadmium in food has caused bone disorders including osteoporosis and osteomalacia. Long-term ingestion of water, beans, and rice contaminated with cadmium by a Japanese population was associated with a crippling condition, Itai-Itai disease. The affliction is characterized by pain in the back and joints, osteomalacia, bone fractures, and occasional renal failure, and it most often affected women with multiple risk factors such as multiparity and poor nutrition. ... 

---