OROS™ technology

Acutrim 16 Hour Steady Control Tablets. Acuttim is an appetite suppressant diet aid available without a prescription and marketed by CIBA Consumer Pharmaceuticals. The active ingredient is phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride [154-41 -6] a sympathomimetic amine (see Antiobesity drugs). Acutrim dehvers its dosage at a precisely controlled rate for up to 16 hours. This is achieved through the OROS technology. 

Figure 17.3. Pharmacokinetic profile and OROS technology of Concerta .

In other indications such as hypertension, the OROS technology (oral osmotic system developed by ALZA) has already proven its value, and therefore it seemed appropriate to use this technology with its typical, virtually constant, release rate (zero-order kinetics) for once-daily opioid tablets. Such a morphine tablet is already available, but is not yet on the market, and a hydromorphone OROS is currently being clinically developed by Knoll. 

The recently introduced product Concerta is a once-a-day administration MPH delivery system called OROS (osmotically released). This delivery system creates an ascending plasma level pattern instead of the peak-and-valley pharmacokinetic profile seen in the IR preparations. Similar extended-delivery bead-technology, double-pulse preparations have been introduced for Metadate-CD at 10, 20, and 30 mg (Green-hill et ah, 2002, in press) for the spheroidal technology of Ritalin-EA, and for Adderall-XR preparations (McGough et ah, 2002, in press). Beaded stimulant preparations mix IR and delayed-release beads in a capsule. The patient can swallow the capsule whole or sprinkle the contents in food if pill taking is difficult for the child. 

The ORO 5 Push-Stick technology is designed to deliver high doses of poorly water-soluble or slowly dissolving drugs at a controlled rate [50,52], The basic system consists of two layers, typically in a capsule-shaped tablet surrounded by a semipermeable membrane however, the system... 

L-ORO drug delivery technology, a proprietary controlled-release delivery system invented by ALZA Corporation (Mountain View, California), combines drug solubilization technology enabling... 

OROS Push-Pull system. After the introduction of commercial products based on EOP technology in the early 1980s, numerous attempts were made to apply the osmotic concept to a broader range of drugs. Since the elementary osmotic pump is limited to the delivery of relatively soluble drugs with solubilities greater than about 2 to 10 wt%, depending on dose, other modifications were necessary to expand the utility of the EOP... 

A CR osmotic system based on OROS push-pull technology to deliver drugs to the oral cavity for extended time periods. 

Georgia Institute of Technology. Energy conservation in the Textile Industry Phase II. Report No. ORO-5099-TI. U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 1978, p. 15. 

Generic Name hydromorphone extended-release Proprietary Name Jurnista (OROS Push-Pull technology)... 

OROS hydromorphone utilizes the patented Push-Pull osmotic pump technology which provides a steady and continuous release of drug over 24 hours, thus providing consistent drug plasma levels and... 

This OROS hydromorphone technology is currently being marketed in Europe imder the tradename Jurnista. It has not yet been approved for sale in the USA. 

Palangio M, Northfelt D, Portenoy R, BrookofF D, Doyle R, Dornseif B, Damask M. Dose conversion and titration with a novel, once-daUy, OROS osmotic technology, extended-release hydromorphone formulation in the treatment of chronic malignant or nonmalignant pain. / Pain Symptom Manage 2002 23(5) 355-368. 

Oro, j. (1965) Investigation of organo-chemical evolution. In Current Aspects of Exobiology (Mami-KUNiAN, G. and Briggs, M. H., eds.), pp. 13-76, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. 

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