Oriental formulation

For a given polymeric structure, the morphology (crystallinity and orientation), formulation (additives, fillers and impurities), humidity (especially for polar polymers), temperature, and pressure, are the most important factors which affect the thennal conductivity. References [1-8] review many of these factors. In addition, see Bigg [14] and Ross et al [15] for detailed treatments of the effects of fillers and of pressure, respectively, on thermal conductivity. 

Gordon, M. (1985), HOL - a machine oriented formulation of higher order logic. Technical Report Tech. Report No. 68, University of Cambridge, Computer Laboratory. 

These techniques are clearly related to the direct Cl method of Roos and of Siegbahn and are probably best called matrix oriented direct Cl procedures . The matrix formulation—essentially derived from the transformation properties (24)-(26) —reduces logic in computer codes to a minimum and makes these methods ideally suited for vector computers. The matrix oriented formulations do not require a complete integral transformation. This fact is an advantage mainly for large basis sets and small numbers of correlated electron pairs since the integral transformation is relatively unimportant otherwise. ... 

In a volume-oriented density function such as that used by ROCS, Gaussian functions are atom-centered. In the surface-oriented formulation, the M. of Equation 2.2.1 are Gaussians with peaks at the atomic surface (set by the atomic radii, denoted fi). By itself, the sum over the M produces internal molecular surfaces in addition to external ones. The E[ of Equation 2.2.2 defines Gaussians on local radial co-ordinates around each observer point from set P, with peaks at the molecular surface (set by the minimum distances from the observers to the molecule, denoted d,). When yis chosen carefully, the integral of the product of two molecules surface-density functions R (defined in Eq. 2.2.3) is very closely approximated by the morphological similarity function used by Surflex-Sim [31]. 

Figure 2.7 shows the optimal overlay between aminomethylcyclohexane (AMC) and benzamidine according to both the volume and surface-oriented formulations just discussed using pure shape. Benzamidine is shown in green, with AMC shown in magenta... 

The product or population-orientated formulation of a claim compels QC to find out how the analysis will be set up to guarantee that the requirements of the pharmacopoeia are met as good as possible for the population/batch involved. What as good as possible exactly means is not stated, but it is clear that the chance a patient will get a product 100 % compliant with specification, is not 100 %. 

In conclusion it may be summarily stated that the risk concept with its probability-theory-oriented formulation can be used in a variety of ways and requires unequivocal framework conditions. 

While the USA fell behind in the development of modern preservatives in the 1980s due to FIFRA-Regulations and the cost-intensive approval of biocides by EPA, in Europe a culture of using problem-oriented formulated biocides with optimized spectrum of activity developed. In general Asia was following the European... 

The increase in the oil-change interval has already been a strong incentive for improving lubricant formulations. The increase in engine operating temperatures and the development of catalytic converters are without doubt two orientations that will have consequences on lubricant additives. 

Sequences such as the above allow the formulation of rate laws but do not reveal molecular details such as the nature of the transition states involved. Molecular orbital analyses can help, as in Ref. 270 it is expected, for example, that increased strength of the metal—CO bond means decreased C=0 bond strength, which should facilitate process XVIII-55. The complexity of the situation is indicated in Fig. XVIII-24, however, which shows catalytic activity to go through a maximum with increasing heat of chemisorption of CO. Temperature-programmed reaction studies show the presence of more than one kind of site [99,1(K),283], and ESDIAD data show both the location and the orientation of adsorbed CO (on Pt) to vary with coverage [284]. 

The key to these more efficient treatments is a natural canonical formulation of the rigid body dynamics in terms of rotation matrices. The orientational term of the Lagrangian in these variables can be written simply as... 

Rotation matrices may be viewed as an alternative to particles. This approach is based directly on the orientational Lagrangian (1). Viewing the elements of the rotation matrix as the coordinates of the body, we directly enforce the constraint Q Q = E. Introducing the canonical momenta P in the usual manner, there results a constrained Hamiltonian formulation which is again treatable by SHAKE/RATTLE [25, 27, 20]. For a single rigid body we arrive at equations for the orientation of the form[25, 27]... 

Opium is the dried, powdered sap of the unripe seed pod of Papaver somniferum, a poppy plant indigenous to Asia minor. Theophrastus described its medical properties in the third century BC, but the Sumerians, ca BC 4000, probably perceived its utility. Arab physicians knew of the dmg, and Arab traders carried it to the Orient where it was used as a treatment for dysentery. Paracelsus is credited with repopularizing the dmg in western Europe in the early sixteenth century by formulating opium into "laudanum", which is still in use. More than 20 different alkaloids (qv) of two different classes comprise 25% of the weight of dry opium. The benzylisoquinolines, characterized by papaverine [58-74-2] (1.0%), a smooth muscle relaxant, and noscapine [128-62-1] (6.0%), an antitussive agent, do not have any analgesic effects. The phenanthrenes, the second group, are the more common and include 10% morphine (1, = R = H), 0.5% codeine [76-57-3], C gH2 N03, (1, R = H, R = CH3), and 0.2 thebaine [115-37-7], C 2H2 N03, (2). 

Fluorochemicals repel both water and oU because they produce an extremely low energy surface (18—26). The effectiveness of the fluorochemicals depends upon uniform surface coverage and orientation of the molecules on the fiber surface so that the perfluoroalkyl chains are directed away from the surface. The result is a GST as low as 5—10 mN /m (dyne/cm). Fluorochemical finishes are often formulated with nonfluorinated resin-based water-repeUent extenders. These water repeUents not only reduce the cost of the finish but may also improve durabUity (27,28). 

Uses. Cinnamyl alcohol and its esters, especially cinnamyl acetate, are widely employed in perfumery because of their excellent sensory and fixative properties. They are frequently used in blossom compositions such as lilac, jasmine, lily of the valley, hyacinth, and gardenia to impart balsamic and oriental notes to the fragrance. In addition, they ate utilized as modifiers in berry, nut, and spice flavor systems. The value of cinnamyl alcohol has also been mentioned in a variety of appHcations which include the production of photosensitive polymers (49), the creation of inks for multicolor printing (50), the formulation of animal repellent compositions (51), and the development of effective insect attractants (52). 

Trialkyltin substituents are also powerful ipso-directing groups. The overall electronic effects are similar to those in silanes, but the tin substituent is a better electron donor. The electron density at carbon is increased, as is the stabilization of /S-carbocation character. Acidic cleavage of arylstannanes is formulated as an electrophilic aromatic substitution proceeding through an ipso-oriented c-complex. ... 

The Gaussian Plume Model is the most well-known and simplest scheme to estimate atmospheric dispersion. This is a mathematical model which has been formulated on the assumption that horizontal advection is balanced by vertical and transverse turbulent diffusion and terms arising from creation of depletion of species i by various internal sources or sinks. In the wind-oriented coordinate system, the conservation of species mass equation takes the following form ... 

Crystals have spatially preferred directions relative to their internal lattice structure with consequences for orientation-dependent physico-chemical properties i.e., they are anisotropic. This anisotropy is the reason for the typical formation of flat facetted faces. For the configuration of the facets the so-called Wullf theorem [20] was formulated as in a crystal in equihbrium the distances of the facets from the centre of the crystal are proportional to their surface free energies. ... 

In this process, resin is injected into a closed mold containing the reinforcement preform. The resin can be injected either under pressure [22] or under vacuum [23]. The potential advantages of this process are (I) low mold cost, (2) inserts can be incorporated, (3) low pressure requirements, (4) accurate fiber orientation, (5) automation possibilities, and (6) versatility. The resin formulation and process variables are selected so that no significant polymerization occurs until the mold cavity has been completely filled. This is achieved by the ad-... 

London23 has treated the case of the attractive force between anisotropic molecules on the dipole-dipole interaction basis as well as on the monopole basis mentioned above. The small anisotropy found for the chlorine atom makes the dipole-dipole formulation appropriate. For the symmetrical orientation in the Cl2 molecule the London formula is... 

After the nursing diagnoses are formulated, the nurse develops expected outcomes, which are patient oriented. An expected outcome is a direct statement of nurse-patient goals to be achieved. The expected outcome describes the maximum level of wellness that is reasonably attainable for the patient. For example, common expected patient outcomes related to drug administration, in general, include ... 

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