Gaussian plume models

Gaussian Plume Model. One of the most basic and widely used transport models based on equation 5 is the Gaussian plume model. Gaussian plume models for continuous sources can be obtained from statistical arguments or can be derived by solving ... 

Gaussian mode Gaussian plume model Gauss-Seidel Gauzes Gaylusite... 

Atmospheric stabUity can be examined utilising the Gaussian Plume model which ignores possible transformations ... 

Gaussian Plume Model. One of the most basic and widely used transport models based on equation 5 is the Gaussian plume model. 

Gaussian plume models for continuous sources can be obtained from statistical arguments or can be derived by solving ... 

Gaussian plume models are easy to use and require relatively few input data. Multiple sources are treated by superimposing the calculated contributions of individual sources. It is possible to include the first-order chemical decay of pollutant species within the Gaussian plume framework. For chemically, meteorologically, or geographically complex situations, however, the Gaussian plume model fails to provide an acceptable solution. 

Pasquill, F., "Atmospheric Ehspersion Parameters in Gaussian Plume Modeling, Part II. Possible Requirements for Change in the Turner Workbook Values," EPA-600/4-76-030b. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 1976. 

Air Pollution Dispersion Application of air dispersion modeling principles and EPA tools to assessing environmental impacts from stack and area releases of pollutants Dispersion theory Gaussian plume model Ground-level concentrations Worst case scenarios Air quality impact assessments Stationary source emissions... 

The earliest and still widely used dispersion model to compute pollutant concentration profiles is the Gaussian plume model for single or multiple source pollution problems. Box-type model techniques, which can take into account nonlinear interactions among different species arising from chemical reactions, have been used in longer-range dispersion computations. 

In Gaussian plume computations the change in wind velocity with height is a function both of the terrain and of the time of day. We model the air flow as turbulent flow, with turbulence represented by eddy motion. The effect of eddy motion is important in diluting concentrations of pollutants. If a parcel of air is displaced from one level to another, it can carry momentum and thermal energy with it. It also carries whatever has been placed in it from pollution sources. Eddies exist in different sizes in the atmosphere, and these turbulent eddies are most effective in dispersing the plume. 

The Gaussian Plume Model is the most well-known and simplest scheme to estimate atmospheric dispersion. This is a mathematical model which has been formulated on the assumption that horizontal advection is balanced by vertical and transverse turbulent diffusion and terms arising from creation of depletion of species i by various internal sources or sinks. In the wind-oriented coordinate system, the conservation of species mass equation takes the following form ... 

Figure 11. Coordinate systems for Gaussian plume model.

Using the Gaussian plume model and the other relations presented, it is possible to compute ground level concentrations C, at any receptor point (Xq, in the region resulting from each of the isolated sources in the emission inventory. Since Equation (2) is linear for zero or linear decay terms, superposition of solutions applies. The concentration distribution is available by computing the values of C, at various receptors and summing over all sources. 

Software for dispersion modeling uses Gaussian plume model. Phe system calculates concentration or deposition values for inputed time periods. May be used in conjunction with "Breeze Air."... 

An alternative simple model for contaminant dilution of rooftop exhaust stacks is presented in Halitsky. This model combines a jet region specification for the upward exhaust movement with a more traditional Gaussian plume region controlled by atmospheric and building-generated turbulent dilution. 

BLP (Buoyant Line and Point Source Dispersion Model) is a Gaussian plume dispersion model associated witli aluminum reduction plants. 

RTDM (Rough Terrain Diffusion Model) is a sequential Gaussian plume model designed to estimate ground-level concentrations in rough (or flat) terrain in die vicinity of one or more co-located point sources. 

The modeling package, delivered to the EPA, includes nationwide data bases for emissions, dispersion meteorology, and population patterns. These data are used as input for a Gaussian plume model for point sources and a box model for urbanwide area sources. Prototype modeling is used for point sources that are too numerous to define individually. Building wake effects and atmospheric chemical decay are addressed. 

Gaussian plume odor impact model, 26 725 Gauss-Markov conditions, 6 39 Gaylusite, 5 785t... 

These are contradictory modifications of the basic assumption the constant diffusivities are now functions of the distance from the emission source and of the stability of the atmosphere. The success in the application of the Gaussian plume model may be justification enough. 

Fig. 10. Plot of downwind concentration ratio C/CQ against distance C/CQ is calculated by means of the Gaussian plume model with diffusion coefficients after Klug (AK=I,..., V) and Turner (AK=2,..., 5)...

In the special case shown here, the Gaussian plume model does not predict the location of the maximum concentration in agreement with the experiment, but it is appropriate to determine the concentration decay in downwind direction. That what happens between the point source location and the maximum location is of accademic interest only. A... 

Weber, A. H. (1976). Atmospheric Dispersion Parameters in Gaussian Plume Modeling, EPA-600/4-76-030A. U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Washington, D.C. 

Various meetings on urban diffusion models have been held in recent years. One was a symposium sponsored by the Environmental Protection Agency. Its f oceedings included studies of Gaussian plume and puff modeling techniques available in 1969. Each paper on a specific model gave some detail of the mathematical assumptions and the types of measurements that were used to test it. Several participants noted a... 

In another review, Hoffert discussed the social motivations for modeling air quality for predictive purposes and elucidated the components of a model. Meteorologic factors were summarized in terms of windfields and atmospheric stability as they are traditionally represented mathematically. The species-balance equation was discussed, and several solutions of the equation for constant-diffusion coefficient and concentrated sources were suggested. Gaussian plume and puff results were related to the problems of developing multiple-source urban-dispersion models. Numerical solutions and box models were then considered. The review concluded with a brief outline of the atmospheric chemical effects that influence the concentration of pollutants by transformation. 

REDIFEM—This fire model has applications including steady state releases of compressible gas/vapor, incompressible liquid and transient release from a gas vessel, Gaussian Plume models, continuous free momentum, BLEVE, and confined and unconfined vapor cloud explosions. REDIEEM is reported to have internal validation with ISO 9001 and checked against PHAST and ERED. 

Pheromone propagation by wind depends on the release rate of the pheromone (or any other odor) and air movements (turbulent dispersion). In wind, the turbulent diffusivity overwhelms the diffusion properties of a volatile compound or mixture itself. Diffusion properties are now properties of wind structure and boundary surfaces, and preferably termed dispersion coefficients. Two models have dominated the discussion of insect pheromone propagation. These are the time-average model (Sutton, 1953) and the Gaussian plume model. 

The Gaussian plume model estimates the average pheromone flux by multiplying the measured odor concentration by mean wind speed, using the following formula (Elkinton etal, 1984). Everything is the same as in the Sutton model, except that ay and az, respectively, replace the terms Cy and Cz of the Sutton model. Dispersion coefficients are determined for each experiment separately. 

Gaussian plume model for air pollution [ATMOSPHERIC MODELING] (Vol 3)... 

The increase in vertical turbulence intensity caused by cooling tower plumes can be estimated for each temperature gradient and increment of distance from the tower. This can be represented by well-known turbulence parameters developed for Gaussian plume models ... 

In this expression, 3 represents the increase factor of vertical diffusion due to the plume. Gaussian plume or dispersion models are based on standard deviations of the plume dimensions (crx, cry, oz). These represent a measure of the diffusive capacity of the atmosphere. They are dependent on the turbulence conditions of the atmosphere, the vertical temperature gradient (which helps to establish atmospheric turbulence in the vertical direction) and the transporting distance. 

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