Organic solvents pregnancy

Windham GC, Shusterman D, Swan SH, et al. 1991. Exposure to organic solvents and adverse pregnancy outcome. Am J Ind Med 20 241-259. 

Pregnancy, exposure to organic solvents during, 23 119 Preheater rotary kiln, 25 53 Preheat trains, 23 221-223 Preinstalled piping system, in fine chemical production, 2 2 428-429 Prekallikrein, 4 86-87 Prekallikrein activator (PKA), 22 145, 146 Pre-liming, in beet juice purification, 23 459... 

Laumon B, Martin JL, Collet P, Bertucat I, Vemey MP, Robert E (1996) Exposure to organic solvents during pregnancy and oral clefts a case-control study. Reprod Toxicol, 10(1) 15-19 [published erratum appears in Reprod Toxicol 1996,10(3) vi],... 

McMartin Kl, Chu M, Kopecky E, Einarson TR, Koren G (1998) Pregnancy outcome following maternal organic solvent exposure A meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Am J Ind Med, 34 288-292. 

The effects of exposure to organic solvents in pregnancy have been reviewed (52). There is evidence of a moderate increase in the risks of spontaneous abortion and congenital malformations, especially facial clefts. 

Holmberg PC. 1979. Central-nervous system defects in children born to mothers exposed to organic solvents during pregnancy. Lancet 2 177-179. 

A study in New York state found increased risk for congenital malformations in children whose mothers lived near hazardous waste sites during pregnancy. I39l A second New York study found elevated risks for CNS defects to be associated residential proximity to hazardous waste sites that emit organic solvents or metals. I40... 

Logman JF, deVries LE, Hemels ME, et al. Paternal organic solvent exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes A meta-analysis. Am J Ind Med 2005 47(1) 37 44. 

In 1999, researchers reported a study of fetal outcome following maternal occupational exposure to common organic solvents in occupations, such as factory workers, laboratory technicians, artists, office workers, and so forth. The data showed that occupational exposure to common organic solvents during pregnancy is associated with a 10-fold increased risk of major fetal malformations.27 This is occupational exposure, not some dramatic accidental acute poisoning. By implication, subtle effects on the fetal nervous system, effects that shape emotional and intellectual behavior, are to be expected after maternal exposure to ambient concentrations of organic solvents ordinarily used in many workplaces. 

Khattak, S., K-Moghtader, G., McMartin, K., Barrera, M., Kennedy, D., Koren, G. (1999). Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to organic solvents a prospective controlled study. J. Amer. Med. Assoc. 281 1106—1109. 

PREGNANCY OUTCOME FOLLOWING MATERNAL ORGANIC SOLVENT EXPOSURE... 

Inclusion criteria consisted of human studies of any language which were 1) case control or cohort study in design 2) included maternal inhalational, occupational, organic solvent exposure 3) had an outcome of major malformation and/or spontaneous abortion and 4) included first trimester pregnancy exposure. Exclusion criteria consisted of animal studies, non-inhalational exposure, case reports, letters, editorials, review articles and studies... 

Meta-analysis of both the cohort studies and case-control studies produced similar results, i.e., they demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between organic solvent exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and fetal malformation. The summary odds ratio... 

PREGNANCY OUTCOME FOLLOWING GESTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ORGANIC SOLVENTS A PROSPECTIVE CONTROLLED STUDY... 

The Motherisk Program at the Hospital for Sick Children was the first to prospectively evaluate pregnancy and fetal outcome following maternal occupational exposure to organic solvents with malformations being the primary outcome of interest. ... 

In the Finnish study of Hohnberg on central nervous system defects in children bom to mothers exposed to organic solvents during pregnancy, 3 of the cases were exposed to toluene, or toluene in combination with other solvents. In one case with hydranencephaly and death 24 days after birth, there was exposure to toluene, xylene, white spirit and methyl ethyl ketone from mbber products manufacture. The second case had multiple abnormali-... 

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