Pregnancy outcome following maternal organic solvent exposure

3 PREGNANCY OUTCOME FOLLOWING MATERNAL ORGANIC SOLVENT EXPOSURE [Pg.1333]

The Motherisk Program, Division of Ciinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, [Pg.1333]

Many organic solvents are teratogenic and embryotoxic in laboratory animals depending on the specific solvent, dose, route of administration and particular animal species. The various malformations described include hydrocephaly, exencephaly, skeletal defects, cardiovascular abnormalities and blood changes. Also, some studies suggest poor fetal development and neurodevelopmental deficits. In a portion of these studies exposure levels were high enough to induce maternal toxicity. [Pg.1334]

There are numerous experimental studies that examine the reproductive effects of organic solvents in animals. The reproductive effects of maternal organic solvent exposure will be summarized using three organic solvents as examples. The solvents discussed will be benzene, toluene and tetrachloroethylene. [Pg.1334]

Murray et al. exposed groups of 35-37 miee to 0 or 500 ppm benzene for 7 hr/day on days 6-15 of pregnaney. Aeeeptable teratologieal methods were used. There was no evi-denee of maternal toxieity. There were no effeets on implants/dam, live fetuses/dam, resorptions/dam or malformation rates. Fetal body weight was signifieantly redueed and delayed ossifieation signifieantly inereased in fetuses from the benzene group. [Pg.1335]

Iwanaga et al. demonstrated an increased postnatal susceptibility to benzene toxicity in mice exposed prenatally to benzene by injection of the dams with 4 ml benzene/kg on day 9 or 12 of gestation. At 10 weeks of age the offspring were injected with 5 daily doses of 0.1 ml benzene/kg and the effects on erythrocytes, leukocytes, body weight, thymus and spleen were more marked than in non-prenatally exposed controls. [Pg.1335]

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