Organic solvents molecular structures

Phosphorus(III) oxide dissolves in several organic solvents, for example benzene, carbon disulphide the molecular weight in these solvents corresponds to the formula P40(, as does the density of the vapour, and the structure is ... 

The literature of polyimines is extensive [164-173]. A number of researchers have tried to synthesize high molecular weight polymers but failed due to poor solubility in organic solvents. Polyimines are of great interest because of their high thermal stability [174-176], ability to form metal chelates [174-177], and their semiconducting properties [178-181]. Due to insolubility and infusibility, which impeded characterization of the molecular structure, the application of these polymers is very limited and of little commercial importance. 

These batteries incorporate a polyacenic semiconductor (PAS) for the active material of the positive electrode, lithium for that of the negative electrode and an organic solvent for the electrolyte. PAS is essentially amorphous with a rather loose structure of molecular-size order with an interlayer distance of 4.0 A, which is larger than the 3.35 A of graphite [56, 57]. 

Since the compartmentalization occurs as a result of microphase separation of an amphiphilic polyelectrolyte in aqueous solution, an aqueous system is the only possible object of study. This limitation is a disadvantage from a practical point of view. Our recent studies, however, have shown that this disadvantage can be overcome with a molecular composite of an amphiphilic polyelectrolyte with a surfactant molecule [129], This composite was dissolvable in organic solvents and dopable in polymer film, and the microphase structure was found to remain unchaged in the composite. This finding is important, because it has made it possible to extend the study on photo-systems involving the chromophore compartmentalization to organic solutions and polymer solid systems. 

It has been pointed out321-324 that the two groups of solvents differ by some definite structural features. In particular, ED, 1,2-BD, and 1,3-BD possess vicinal OH groups that can form intramolecular hydrogen bonds. For these solvents, the ability of the organic molecule to interact with neighboring molecules is reduced. This results in the possibility of a different orientation at the interface because of different interactions of the OH groups with the Hg surface.323 The different molecular structure leads to different dipolar cooperative effects. As a result, the dependence of C on the bulk permittivity follows two different linear dependencies. 

Diamantane-based polymers are synthesized to take advantage of their stiffness, chemical and thermal stability, high glass transition temperature, improved solubility in organic solvents, and retention of their physical properties at high temperatures. All these special properties result from their diamantane-based molecular structure [90]. Polyamides are high-temperature polymers with a broad range of applications in different scientific and industrial fields. However, their process is very difficult because of poor solubility and lack of adequate thermal stability retention [90]. Incorporation of 1,6- or... 

T], rj ). A molecular weight determination for the complex supports a monomeric structure in solution. Reaction of ZnMe2 with (H0)2Si(0 Bu)2 leads to the formation of polymeric species, [Zn0Si(0 Bu)20] , that are soluble in organic solvents [107]. For comparison, the zinc sUoxane polymer [Zn0SiPh20] reported by Hornbraker and Conrad is an insoluble material contaminated with ZnO [108]. 

General anesthetics are usually small solutes with relatively simple molecular structure. As overviewed before, Meyer and Overton have proposed that the potency of general anesthetics correlates with their solubility in organic solvents (the Meyer-Overton theory) almost a century ago. On the other hand, local anesthetics widely used are positively charged amphiphiles in solution and reversibly block the nerve conduction. We expect that the partition of both general and local anesthetics into lipid bilayer membranes plays a key role in controlling the anesthetic potency. Bilayer interfaces are crucial for the delivery of the anesthetics. 

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