Oral toxicity tests

The data from some single-dosage oral toxicity tests, expressed as LD q, are reported in Table 4. The values reported on the order of 1 g/kg or greater indicate a low acute oral toxicity. In animals, continued ingestion of chlorobenzenes over a long time can cause kidney and Hver damage. 

Acute oral toxicity Up-and-down procedure for acute oral toxicity testing EU... 

B.26 Sub-Chronic Oral Toxicity Test Repeated Dose 90-Day Toxicity Study in Rodents (2001)... 

A Guidance Document on Acute Oral Toxicity Testing has been published (OECD 2001a). 

B.26 Sub-chronic oral toxicity test. Repeated dose 90-day toxicity study in rodents B.27 Sub-chronic oral toxicity test Repeated dose 90-day toxicity study in non-rodents B.28 Sub-chronic dermal toxicity test 90-Day repeated dermal dose study using rodent species B.29 Sub-chronic inhalation toxicity test 90-Day repeated inhalation dose study using rodent species B.30 Chronic toxicity test... 

In addition to these newly proposed test guidehnes, suggestions are being considered for new parameters to be included in the present repeated dose oral toxicity test (OECD TG 407) with more emphasis to be placed on detection of endocrine effects. The vahdation of the enhanced OECD TG 407 is now being reviewed by an international panel of reviewers. The peer review package, submitted to the panel and available at the OECD Web site for endocrine dismpters (OECD 2007b), includes the validation report, the draft and the current test guidelines, and a Secretariat document to support the peer review panel. 

Munro et al. (1996) explored the relationship between chemical structure and toxicities through the compilation of a large reference database consisting of 613 chemical substances tested for a variety of noncarcinogenic toxicological endpoints in rodents and rabbits in oral toxicity tests, including subchronic, chronic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity. For many of the substances, more... 

OECD. 2001a. Guidance document on acute oral toxicity testing. OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 24. Environment Directorate, Joint Meeting of the Chemicals Committee and the Working Party on Chemicals, Pesticides and Biotechnology. ENV/JM/MONO(2001)4. Paris OECD. 

Hodge HC et al Acute and short-term oral toxicity tests of ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate (ferbam) and zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram). J Am Pharm Assoc 41 662-665, 1952... 

The results of the subchronic inhalation toxicity study may be summarized in tabular form. These results may be based on the same lines as subchronic oral toxicity test in addition to experimental conditions used for the inhalation toxicity test. 

The gas mixtures themselves are free from heavy metals and have high toxicological compatibility. In the acute oral toxicity test carried out according to the EU Directive, the LD50 value was greater than 2500 mg/kg. 

II. Oral Toxicity Test of Korea Angelica Root Extract... 

Potential toxicity of the substance should be evaluated by two subchronic (90-day) oral toxicity tests, one in a rodent species and the other in a non-rodent species... 

Honeybees, Acute Oral Toxicity Test (original guideline, adopted September 21, 1998)... 

Institoris L, Siroki O, Desi I, Lesznyak J, Serenyi P, Szekeres E et al (1998) Extension of the protocol of OECD guideline 407 (28-day repeated dose oral toxicity test in the rat) to detect potential immunotoxicity of chemicals. Hum Exp Toxicol 17 206-211... 

In long-term oral toxicity tests, the organism is fed for several days (in some cases months or years) with food contaminated by the tested chemical. In this case, results are expressed as concentration in food and are a function of exposure time. The total dose may also be calculated from the concentration and the total amount of food ingested. 

Its excellent pesticidal properties are vitiated by its high toxicity to mammals. Its acute oral lDj, for rats is S.4 mg/kg. In chronic oral toxicity tests the no lTect level for rats was found to be SO ppm. Atropine sulfate appeared to be an antidote of oxamil, but pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (PAM), a well-known antidote to cholinesterase inhibitors, does not appear to be effective in this respect. 

Controls Controls are generally not required, since dose response during an LD50 may serve as an internal control. If a vehicle or solvent of uncharacterized toxic potential is used, an acute oral toxicity test should be done using the solvent. 

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