Opioid analgesic drugs

Opioid analgesic drugs (OADs), particularly fentanyl and its analogs alfentanil, remifentanil, and sufentanil, are extensively used for anesthesia and analgesia. Administration of intravenous hypnotics and OADs as a high dose opioid, low dose hypnotic (usually a benzodiazepine such as midazolam) has found wide application in cardiac anesthesia and to produce procedural sedation for endoscopy, catheterizations, and a variety of other surgical procedures where sedation and 

Baldo and N.H. Pham, Drug Allergy Clinical Aspects, Diagnosis, Mechanisms, Structure-Activity Relationships, DOI 10.1007/978-l-4614-7261-2 8, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2013 

---

These differences in the behavioural properties of the opioid receptor sub-types are of considerable interest because the clinical use of currently marketed opioid analgesic drugs is limited by their undesirable side-effects, which include respiratory depression, constipation and an abuse or dependence liability. These side-effects have been associated with mu receptor ac-... 

Sufentanil is a synthetic opioid analgesic drug, as outlined in CHEC-II(1996), and is approximately 5-10 times more potent than fentanyl. Sufentanil is marketed for use by specialist centers under different trade names. Other thiophene derivatives, such as the benzimidazol-thiophenes 16 and 17, exhibit analgesic activity that can be compared with morphine sulfate and acetylsalicylic acid <2005PS1841>. 

Duthie DJ, Nimmo WS. Adverse effects of opioid analgesic drugs. Br J Anaesth 1987 59(l) 61-77. 

These peptides are relevant to understanding the analgesic actions of opioid-analgesic drugs in terms of CNS function. What are the roles of these peptides in peripheral tissues The Skill Keeper Answer appears at the end of the chapter. 

Unpublished data quoted by Maurer PM, Barkowski RR. Drug interactions of clinical significance with opioid analgesics. Drug Sefety (1993) 8,30-48. 

From Baldo BA, Pham NH. Histamine-releasing and aUergenic properties of opioid analgesic drugs Resolving the two. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2012 40 216. Reproduced with permission from Australian Society of Anaesthetists Has a 1-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl substituent at C-7... 

IgE antibodies detected in two different sera from patients with suspected allergy to opioid analgesic drugs HgE antibodies detected by binding to a morphine-solid phase complex... 

Table 8.7 Summary of some case studies of anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions to opioid analgesic drugs and diagnostic conclusions... 

Some Important Clinical Implications Related to the Use of Opioid Analgesic Drugs... 

---