Open-chain hydrocarbons = aliphatic

Monocyclic Aliphatic Hydrocarbons. Monocyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons (with no side chains) are named by prefixing cyclo- to the name of the corresponding open-chain hydrocarbon having the same number of carbon atoms as the ring. Radicals are formed as with the alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Examples ... 

A radical derived from an open chain hydrocarbon. Often referred to as an aliphatic group (e.g. a methyl or ethyl group). 

The differences in liquid product composition from the two types of processes are even more pronounced. The major liquid products (see Table V) from hydropyrolysis of 2 at 550°C are C6-Ci0 cyclohexenes and cyclohexanes, and C5-C8 open-chain hydrocarbons, while in thermal cracking the main liquid product at this temperature is 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene. At 600°C a much higher conversion of 2 into C5—C10 aliphatic products is observed in the hydropyrolysis Experiment 25, whereas in the thermal cracking Experiment 26 there is much higher formation of aromatic products, i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and... 

Hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbons, as the name implies, are compounds containing carbon and hydrogen. If the carbon atoms lie in the same plane they are known as open-chain, or aliphatic hydrocarbons. If the carbon atoms form a ring structure they are known as cyclic hydrocarbons. The cyclic hydrocarbons are further differentiated into benzene benzenoid, or aromatic) and alicydic hydrocarbons. If there is another element present in the ring besides carbon, they are known as heterocyclic hydrocarbons. 

Aliphatic solvents n. Organic liquids having an open chain hydrocarbon structure and KB values below 40. They are relatively poor solvents for printing ink resins. Examples are VM P naphtha, textile spirits and mineral oils cf, aromatic solvents). 

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons. These are acyclic hydrocarbons with an open-chain structure, which can be either straight (i.e., linear) or branched. The former type are called normal (or n-) aliphatic compounds. Unsaturation is manifested in the form of double or triple bonds. 

Alicyclic Hydrocarbons. These refer to cyclic analogues of aliphatic hydrocarbons and are named accordingly, using the piefix cyclo-." Their properties are similar to their open-chain aliphatic counterparts. Alicyclic hydrocarbons are subdivided into monocyclic (cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes, cycloalkynes, cycloalkadienes, etc.) and polycyclic aliphatic compounds. Monocyclic aliphatic structures having more than 30 carbon atoms in the ring are known, but those containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms are more commonly found in nature [47, p. 28]. 

Aliphatic hydrocarbon a hydrocarbon in which the carbon-hydrogen groupings are arranged in open chains that may be branched. The term includes paraffins and olefins and provides a distinction from aromatics and naphthenes, which have at least some of their carbon atoms arranged in closed chains or rings. 

Fuel oils are petroleum products that are used in many types of engines, lamps, heaters, furnaces, stoves, and as solvents. Fuel oils come from crude petroleum and are refined to meet specifications for each use. Fuel oils are mixtures of aliphatic (open chain and cyclic compounds that are similar to open chain compounds) and aromatic (benzene and compounds similar to benzene) petroleum hydrocarbons. In addition, they may contain small amounts of nitrogen, sulfur, and other elements as additives. The exact chemical composition (i.e., precise percentage of each constituent) of each of the fuel oils discussed in this profile may vary... 

Gerarde HW The aliphatic (open chain, acyclic) hydrocarbons. In Fassett DW, Irish DD (eds) Patty s Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 2nd ed, Vol 2, Toxicology, pp 1195-1198. New York, Interscience, 1963... 

Discovery by Bengen (7) that urea forms addition compounds with the aliphatic straight-chain hydrocarbons has opened new possibilities for the removal and separation from petroleum of such materials as waxes which are preponderantly nonbranched. Urea-wax addition compounds are apparently formed readily at ordinary room temperatures, and as these compounds have very definitely defined crystal structure (75), their separation should be easily accomplished. 

Aliphatic hydrocarbon a compound containing carbon and hydrogen only, which has an open-chain structure (e.g., as ethane, butane, octane, butene) or a cyclic structure (e.g., cyclohexane). 

Hydrocarbons are also divided into classes called aliphatic and aromatic. Aromatic hydrocarbons are related to benzene and are always cyclic. Aliphatic hydrocarbons may be open-chain or cyclic. Aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbons are called alicyclic. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are one of three types alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. 

Aliphatic A hydrocarbon having an open chain structure. 

The paraffin or aliphatic series of hydrocarbons and their derivatives possess constitutions represented by structural formulas in which the carbon atoms are linked together in an open chain formation. For the hydrocarbons themselves such structural formulas, written on a plane surface, may be illustrated as follows ... 

Preparation of alicyclic hydrocarbons from other aliphatic compounds generally involves two stages (a) conversion of some open-chain compound or... 

Examination of the data for a great many compounds has shown that the heat of combustion of an aliphatic hydrocarbon agrees rather closely with that calculated by assuming a certain characteristic contribution from each structural unit. For open-chain alkanes each methylene group, —CH2—, contributes very close to 157.4 kcal/mole to the heat of combustion. Table 9.2 lists the heats of combustion that have been measured for some of the cycloalkanes. 

Aliphatic hydrocarbon (unsaturated) a compound containing carbon and hydrogen only that has either an open-chain struc-... 

Open-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons Open-chain methyl silicones Open-chain aliphatic ethers... 

Hydrocarbons are an important class of organic componnds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen and are widely dis-tribnted in nature. These snbstances occur in petroleum products, oil and grease, natural gases, coal and coal tars, and deep earth gases. Hydrocarbons may be classified into three broad categories (1) open-chain aliphatic componnds, (2) cyclic or alicyclic compounds of naphthene type, and (3) aromatic ring compounds. 

Open-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons constitute alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and their isomers. Alkanes have the general formula C H2 +2, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the molecnles, snch as methane, propane, n-pentane, and isooctane. Alkenes or olefins are nnsaturated compounds, characterized by one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms. Their general formula is C H2 . Examples are ethylene, 1-butene, and... 

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