Opacity and permeability

Gautheron, P.D., Dukic, M., Alix, D. and Sina, J.F. (1992). Bovine corneal opacity and permeability test An in vitro assay of ocular irritation. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. - Cut. Ocular Toxicol. 2 107-117. [Pg.681]

Several in vitro methods, including the hen s egg chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM) the bovine cornea opacity and permeability assay (BCOP) and the isolated rabbit eye (IRE) test, have gained regulatory acceptance in Europe for the classification of severe eye irritants. Many companies are using such techniques successfully to reduce in vivo testing during development. ... [Pg.135]

None of the in vitro alternative eye tests has proven applicable as a valid replacement for the Draize eye irritation test or has been acceptable for regulatory purposes (Table 5), though some are considered either reliable or reproducible. The most frequently used test has been the ex vivo bovine cornea opacity and permeability assay. The newer human corneal equivalents system, an in vitro culture of immortalized human corneal cells that develops into... [Pg.2727]

The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method... [Pg.173]

The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability test method (BCOP) is based on normal physiological and biochemical function of the bovine cornea in vitro. For the BCOP, the eyes are taken from animals slaughtered for human consumption. In this test method (OECD Test Guideline, TG 437), the damage caused by the test substance is assessed by quantitative measurements of changes in corneal opacity and permeability with an opacitometer or a visible... [Pg.173]

Top-down approach1 Identification of serious eye damage Positive results lead to serious eye damage (GHS Cat. 1) classification Bovine Corneal Opacity and permeability (BCOP) test Validated and adopted (OECD TG 437) Applicable to substances and formulations. Positive results obtained with alcohols or ketones should be interpreted cautiously due to risk of overprediction. [Pg.174]

Bottom-up approach13 Identification of non-classified test materials Bovine Corneal Opacity and permeability test Validated and accepted0 (OECD TG 437) Applicable to substances and formulations. [Pg.174]

Additional in vitro models and assays for eye irritation testing have been proposed in the past. An example is the porcine-based corneal opacity and permeability (PCOP) assay to predict eye irritation of water-soluble cosmetic ingredients [99]. Porcine corneas were chosen due to their advantages in comparison to the bovine corneas such as no concerns about encephalopathy diseases, regular supply of eyes with an acceptable level of quality from a slaughterhouse, more closely related to the human cornea, and their use in ophthalmic research. Using a modified holder and adapted experimental procedures 50 cosmetic ingredients were tested and compared to the in vivo Draize MAS scores. Based on their results, the study concluded that the PCOP could better predict the irritation classes than the BCOP assay. [Pg.190]

Cooper KJ, Earl LK, Harbell J, Raabe H (2001) Prediction of ocular irritancy of prototype shampoo formulations by the isolated rabbit eye (IRE) test and bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) assay. Toxicology In Vitro 15 95-103... [Pg.196]

Harbell JW, Mun G, Curren RD (2006). Application of histological evaluation to enhance the Bovine Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) assay. Poster presented at the Society of Toxicology Meeting, San Diego, USA... [Pg.196]

Kolle SN, Kandarova H, Wareing B, Ravenzwaay B, Landsiedel R (2011) In-house validation of the EpiOcular Eye Irritation Test and its combination with the bovine corneal opacity and permeability test for the assessment of ocular irritation. ATLA 39 365-387... [Pg.197]

Van den Berghe C, Guillet MC, Compan D (2005) Performance of porcine corneal opacity and permeability assay to predict eye irritation for water-soluble cosmetic ingredients. Toxicol In Vitro 19 823-830... [Pg.197]

Schrage A, Kolle SN, Moreno MCR et al (2011) The bovine comeal opacity and permeability test in routine ocular irritation testing and its improvement within the limits of OECD test guideline 437. ATLA-Altem Lab Anim 39 37-53... [Pg.186]

The ratios of the physical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation, liquid wicking distance, liquid transport rate, dielectric constant, opacity, and permeability between MD and CD in nonwoven fabrics are used to characterise the anisotropy of nonwoven stractures in the fabric plane. However, these anisotropy terms are from indirect experimental methods to characterise the nonwoven stmcture, and they are just ratios in two specific directions in the fabric plane, and could misrepresent the anisotropy of the nonwoven structure. The direct method to study the anisotropy of nonwoven structure is to investigate the architectore and texture of the component... [Pg.167]

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