Oocyte development

Verlhac MH, de Pennart H, Maro B, Cobb MH, Clarke HJ 1993 MAP kinase becomes stably activated at metaphase and is associated with microtubule-organizing centers during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. Dev Biol 158 330-340 Verlhac MH, Kubiak JZ, Clarke HJ, Maro B 1994 Microtubule and chromatin behavior follow MAP kinase activity but not MPF activity during meiosis in mouse oocytes. Development 120 1017-1025... 

Within the body of filarial nematodes, intracellular bacteria have been observed by electron microscopy in the lateral cords of both males and females. Within the cell cytoplasm, the bacteria are in membrane-bound vacuoles. In some cases, the cytoplasm of lateral cord cells is filled by bacteria these bacteria-filled cells resemble in some ways insect bacteriocytes (Baumann et al, 1998). In female worms, bacteria are present also in the oogonia, oocytes, developing embryos and in the cell layer surrounding... 

Lee, C.-C. (1975) Dirofilaria immitis. ultrastructural aspects of oocyte development and zygote formation. Experimental Parasitology 37, 449-468. 

Increased respiration rate in 4 days, growth reduction and liver damage in 9 days, abnormal oocyte development and reduced spermatogonia production in 18-20 days 2... 

Lennon, R.E., J.B. Hunn, R.A. Schnick, and R.M. Buress. 1970. Reclamation of ponds, lakes, and streams with fish toxicants a review. Food Agricul. Organ. United Nations, FAO Fish. Technol. Paper 100 57-61. Lesniak, J.A. and S.M. Ruby. 1982. Histological and quantitative effects of sublethal cyanide exposure on oocyte development in rainbow trout. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 11 343-352. 

Dumont JN. 1972. Oogenesis in Xenopus laevis (Daudin). I. Stages of oocyte development in laboratory maintained animals. J Morphol 136 153. 

Treatment starts when the embryo is attached to the uterine wall and has completed the first stages of implantation. Therefore, pre-implantation development should be unaffected by the test substance. However, even in controls, not all fertilized oocytes develop to the hatched blastocyst stage. A loss of up to two preimplantation embryos per female can be considered a normal finding in rats and rabbits. In studies where exposure begins at or before fertilization a dose-dependent increase in the number of females that show larger differences between corpora lutea and implantation sites may indicate toxicity to pre-implantation embryos or the process of implantation itself. 

Gadot, M., Burns, E. and Schal, C. (1989). Juvenile hormone biosynthesis and oocyte development in adult female Blattella germanica effects of grouping and mating. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 11 189-200. 

Roth, L. M. and Stay, B. (1962). Oocyte development in Blattella germanica and Blattella vaga (Blattaria). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 55 633-642. 

In the early mammalian female embryo the absence of the Mullerian inhibitory substance MIS permits continuing development of the Mullerian duct, while the absence of testosterone permits the Wolffian duct to degenerate. However, positive developmental signals are also required. Among these is the protein Wnt-4, a member of a large family of locally acting signal molecules (Section 4). Wnt-4 may be needed both for oocyte development and for further suppression of male development.261... 

De Vlaming, V., Fitzgerald, R., Delahunty, G., Cech, J., Selman, K. and Barkley, M. (1984). Dynamics of oocyte development and related changes in serum oestradiol-17(5, yolk precursor, and lipid levels in the teleostean fish Leptocottus armatus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 77A, 599-610. 

Holdway, D.A. and Beamish, F.W.H. (1985). The effect of growth rate, size and season on oocyte development and maturity of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 85,3-19. 

The best evidence of hydrocarbon transfer into cells is with oocytes. Oocyte development in cockroaches, as in most oviparous animals, is characterized by a dramatic growth period during which all maternally derived macromolecules are sequestered. Vitellogenin uptake by the oocyte has been extensively studied... 

Schal C., Chiang A-S., Burns E. L., Gadot M. and Cooper R. A. (1993). Role of the brain in juvenile hormone synthesis and oocyte development effects of dietary protein in the cockroach Blattella germanica (L.). J. Insect Physiol. 39, 303-313. 

All primary oocytes are already present about a week before birth. Many of these remain in an arrested diplotene stage of meiosis for many months before ovulation or loss by atresia. Stages of primary oocyte development are defined by the cytologic appearance of the oocyte and its follicle. 

In diapausing females of the Savio strain of L. migratoria. the basal activity of the CA is totally inhibited in vivo, as established by the arrest of oocyte development and absence of JH in the hemolymph (27). However, these same glands are immediately activated when they are incubated in vitro (i. e., denervated and removed from their natural milieu), indicating that their maturation has not been retarded. In vivo denervation of the glands (NCA-I transection) in diapausing females elicits elevated JH titer and induces oocyte development, indicating that this short-term inhibition is axonally imposed. 

One of the first papers reporting that immature ovarian cells synthesized the unique signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO), was published in 1993 (Ellman et al., 1993). Since that report, several investigators have shown that ovarian cells synthesize NO and that multiple isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) are expressed in the ovary in a developmental and cell-specific fashion. This review will present the current understanding of ovarian NO as a local regulator of ovulation, oocyte development, and luteal function. 

Manseau L, Calley J, Phan H (1996) Profilin is required for posterior patterning of the Drosophila oocyte. Development 122 2109-2116... 

Kloe, M., and Etkin, L. D. (1995). Two distinct pathways for the localization of RNAs at the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes. Development Cambridge, UK) 121(2), 287-297. 

Ajduk A, Malagocki A, Maleszewski M. 2008. Cytoplasmic maturation of mammalian oocytes development of a mechanism responsible for sperm-induced Ca2+ oscillations. Reprod Biol 8(l) 3-22. 

Gaffre M, Martoriati A, Belhachemi N, Chambon JP, Houliston E, Jessus C, Karaiskou A. 2011. A critical balance between Cyclin B synthesis and Mytl activity controls meiosis entry in Xenopus oocytes. Development 138(17) 3735-3744. 

Hodgman R, Tay J, Mendez R, Richter JD. 2001. CPEB phosphorylation and cytoplasmic polyadenylation are catalyzed by the kinase IAK1/Eg2 in maturing mouse oocytes. Development 128(14) 2815-2822. 

Karaiskou A, Lepretre AC, Pahlavan G, Du Pasquier D, Ozon R, Jessus C. 2004. Pololike kinase confers MPF autoamplification competence to growing Xenopus oocytes. Development 131(7) 1543-1552... 

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