Onion wastes

This process is also used to obtain very highly concentrated, high-quality isolates from plant juices [23] and the recovery of volatiles from waste streams, notably apple or berry pumice, citrus and onion waste [22]. For example, the see is claimed to efficiently recover more than 90% of the citrus essential oils traditionally lost with the centrifuge waste [22]. 

Turner, C., P. Turner, G. Jacobson, K. Almgren, M. Waldeback, P. Sjoberg, E.N. Karlsson and K.E. Markides, Subcritical Water Extraction and Beta-Glucosidase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Quercetin Glycosides in Onion Waste, Green Chemistry, 8, 949-959 (2006). 

Ng, A., Lecain, S., Parker, M. L., Smith, A. C., and Waldron, K. W. (1999). Modification of cell wall polymers of onion waste. III. Effect of extrusion-cooking on cell wall material of outer fleshy tissues. Carbohydr. Polym. 39, 341-349. 

Gonzalez-Saiz JM, Esteban-Diez I, Rodriguez-TecedOT S, Pizarro C. Valorization of onion waste and by-products MCR-ALS applied to reveal the compositional profiles of alcoholic fermentations of onion juice monitored by near-infiared spectroscopy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2008 101 776-87. 

The two inner layers of the onion diagram in Fig. 1.6 (the reaction and separation and recycle systems) produce process waste. The process waste is waste byproducts, purges, etc. 

The outer layers of the onion (the utility system) produce utility waste. The utility waste is products of fuel combustion, waste from the production of boiler feedwater for steam generation, and so on. However, the design of the utility system is closely tied together with the design of the heat exchanger network. Hence, in practice, the three outer layers should be considered as being the source of utility waste. 

Acrylonitrile is a colorless, liquid, man-made chemical with a sharp, onion-or garlic-like odor. Acrylonitrile is used mostly to make plastics, acrylic fibers, and synthetic rubber. Because acrylonitrile evaporates quickly, it is most likely to be found in the air around chemical plants where it is made. Acrylonitrile breaks down quickly in the air. It has been found in small amounts in the water and soil near manufacturing plants and hazardous waste sites. In water, acrylonitrile usually breaks down in about 1 to 2 weeks, although this can vary depending on conditions. For example, high concentrations of acrylonitrile (such as might occur after a spill) tend to be broken down more slowly. In one case, measurable amounts of acrylonitrile were found in nearby wells 1 year after a spill. Further information on the properties and uses of acrylonitrile and how it behaves in the environment may be found in Chapters 3, 4, and 5. 

HCB is an organochlorine product. It was first introduced in 1933 as a fungicide for seed treatment of onion, sorghum and crops, such as wheat, barley, oats and rye, and was used to make fireworks, ammunition and synthetic rubber (Barber et al., 2005 UNEP Chemicals, 2002). It is currently speculated that HCB originates in the environment as a by-product or is the result of impurity in the production of certain chlorinated pesticides, particularly lower chlorinated benzenes and industrial chemicals the manufacture and application of HCB-contaminated pesticides and the combustion of waste (Barber et al., 2005 UNEP, 2003 Voldner Smith, 1989). 

Key 1, orange peels 2, pigeon pea pods 3, pineapple peels 4, rice husks 5, ripe banana peels 6, kale stalks 7, potato peels 8, banana leaves 9, onion stock wastes bd = below detection. 

Convenience Plastics can be converted in any form with various processing techniques, thus can pack any type of substances like liquids, powders, flakes, granules, solids. Waste Packaging in plastics reduces the wastage of various food products, typical example is potatoes or onions packed in leno. 

Burkholder WH (1950) Sour skin, a bacterial rot of onion bulbs. Phytopathology 40( 1) 115-117 Cavalheiro JMBT, de Almeida MCMD, Grandfils C, da Fonseca MMR (2009) Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) productirai by Cupriavidus necator using waste glycerol. Process Biochem 44(5) 509 515... 

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