ON CREATIVITY

Engineering is a creative profession. Engineering students therefore need to make optimal use of their creative potential. Few people can hope to attain the creative genius of a Galileo, da Vind, or Newton. However, all of us are creative, and we can learn to develop and use more efficiently our creative abilities. Socrates wrote That which is used strengthens and grows, while that which is not used withers and dies.  

In the remaining sections of this chapter, we define creativity and describe the creative process. Then we list some of the obstacles to creative thinking and suggest ways to develop and improve creativity. 

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Ganem B, Franke RR. (2007) Pachtaxel from primary taxanes A perspective on creative invention in organozirconium chemistry. J Org Chem 72 3981-3987. 

Sarton, George, Hoefer and Chevreul (with an excursus on creative cen-... 

Fadiman, and their colleagues have studied the effects of psychedelics on creativity in an experimental program. It is precisely this kind of program, which is most needed, that has been killed by current governmental hysteria against psychedelics. 

For several reasons we chose to focus our efforts on creative problem solving. One was its obvious utility, an important consideration at that juncture because of the increasing pressure for stricter regulation of the psychedelics by those who doubted that they were good for anything at all. Another... 

The literature on creativity includes analytical description of the components of creative experience, the personal characteristics of creative individuals, and the distinguishing features of creative solutions. From the participants reports, it was possible to extract eleven strategies of enhanced functioning during the session. The relationship of these strategies to enhanced functioning should be self-explanatory. Those readers interested in the relationship of these aspects to current research and theory on creativity can refer to the detailed technical discussion in Harman, McKim et al. (1966). 

Dave L. 2002. On creativity. In Barnes R, Coleman D, Cure-ton D, et al. (eds), Let Your Leadership Speak How to Lead and Be Heard. Paxton, MA The Future Is Yours to Create Company. 

Guidelines were created and published for the use of potential candidates who were made aware that successful submissions would be for exceptionally creative and meritorious, as well as complete, pieces of work that were beyond normal performance expectations. The criteria used for judgment were based on creativity, novelty, value, the difficulties faced and overcome, and the level of cooperation evident in advancing the achievement. 

Table B1 Role and influence of Cultures on Creativity and Innovation...

The role and influence of these various cultures on creativity and innovation are shown in Table Bl. 

It is impossible to insist on creativity but it is possible to assist in the process by employing the right tools. R D Managers should be familiar with such tools, understand when they can be used most effectively and encourage their use within teams, groups and individuals. 

We have no ambition to enrich the vast existing literature on creativity by yet another contribution. We prefer to restrict ourselves to a few personal observations with regard to this subject in perfumery. 

Solomon Genet, Kale, R.K. and Baquer, N.Z. (1999) Effect of vanadate, insulin and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) on creative kinase level in tissues of diabetic rat. Indian Journal of Experimental... 

Part of the issue as we talk about producing young scientists is to leam how you can help families to succeed and identify the factors related to success. These are probably the things that your parents did for you—simple old-fashioned approaches, such as acknowledging that there is a spirituality component. There is an emphasis on no-nonsense. There is an emphasis on discipline. There is an emphasis on creativity, LEGOs, puzzles at an early age, and reading. What is different about these minority parents They have turned the televisions off, and they spend much more time getting their children to read. 

Lithium has diverse effects on creativity. While creativity can suffer from the absence of mania or from lithium-induced adverse effects, it can also be improved by the... 

The standard book on creativity is Edward de Bono Lateral Thinking, Penguin Books 1990 (Other books by de Bono such as The Five Days Course in Thinking are at least as creative, but they are out of print.) A lively and humoristic one is Roger von Oech A Whack on the Side of the Head, Warner Books, 3" edition 1998. 

Michalko, M. Thinkertoys A Handbook on Creative-Thinking Techniques. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA Ten Speed Press, 2006. 

Suddendorf Many other acknowledged deficits that characterize autism, such as obsession with routine, stereotyped behaviour, preoccupation with parts of an object, echopraxia and echolalia, can hardly be explained as secondary deficits caused by a defect in a presumed social cognition module. Autistic children also have a deficit on creativity tasks. The clinical picture is far more complex than a malfunctioning discrete module for social cognition. 

Ghacibeh GA, Shenker JI, Shenal B, Uthman BM, Heilman KM (2006) Effect of vagus nerve stimulation on creativity and cognitive flexibility. Epilepsy Behav 8 720-725. 

Martindale C Greenough, J (1975) The differential effect of increased arousal on creative and intellectual performance. J Genet Psychol 123 329-335. 

The quality of the agreement necessary to fulfill the criterion "sufficiently close" again depends on creatively in developing the model and on engineering judgment. The most extreme demands are that the maximum error in the prediction not exceed the estimated error in the tracer test and that there be no observable trends with time in the difference between prediction (the model) and obsersation (the real reactor). To illustrate how the modeling is carried out, we w ill now consider two different models for a CSTR. 

Kageyama A, Yokohama Y, Shimura S and Ikawa T (1977) An efficient excitation energy transfer from a carotenoid, siphonaxanthin to CM a observed in a deep-water species of chlorophycean seaweed. Plant Cell Physiol 18 477-480 Kamen MD (1986) On creativity of eye and ear A commentary on the career of TW Engelmann. Proc Amer Philos Sci 130 232-246... 

What A collection of tools and methods (provocations, random entry, six thinking hats, concept triangle, etc.) based on creative thinking that fit with traditioneil queility improvement methods. The methods are serious, deliberate, and systematic they do not rely on acting crazy or pure natural teilent. 

Clemen (1996) includes a chapter on creativity and decision structuring. Some practitioners claim that structuring the decision is the greatest contribution of the decision analysis process. 

Chmielewska, D.K., Gryczka, U., and Migdal, W. 2008. Recent patents on creative ionizing radiation in nanotechnology. Recent Pat. Nanotechnol. 2 201-207. 

This strategy is successful when a company uses creativity with their products and applies them to other areas or businesses. An example of this is where polyester resins are the basis for mai different things like shower stalls, bowling balls, shirt buttons, car parts, boats, and so on. Creativity was used when each of these markets was opened. Top management needs to allow their people to be creative so that this strategy can be successful. 

Osborn was so much more than just a successful business executive. Early in his career, he began his studies of advertising and human creativity. His first book on the principles of advertising was published in 1921 (Osborn 1921), and his first books on creativity were published in 1952 Wake Up Your Mind 101 Ways to Develop Creativeness (Osborn 1952a) and Your Creative Power. How to Use Imagination (Osborn 1952b). In fact, he published six books on the subject. 

At the time his groundbreaking book on Synectics was published (Gordon 1961), he was the president of the Invention Research Group in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was also lecturing at Harvard. In the same year, Gordon established, with three friends and associates from ADL, a company called Synectics Inc. Its mission was to continue and expand their research on the inventive process. After several years, Gordon left Synectics Inc. to focus on the potential applications of the method of Synectics in education and founded the company Synectics Education Systems. His new company was focused on creativity and education and on the promotion of... 

So these are some of the things that trouble me about the future of information technology. What are its limits Will the laws of network effects doom us all to a shared mediocrity What will happen to intellectual property and its effect on creativity Is it like the railroads, or is this something fundamentally different that will last through the next century ... 

He considers continuous improvement a creative endeavor and he enjoys and finds time for many other varied activities that center on creativity. His creative instincts and an undergraduate degree in professional arts are the foundation that enabled him to master detailed woodcarving, gourmet cooking, and guiding others on their continuous improvement journeys. 

The development of a satisfactory plan for the synthetic task at hand is the initial intellectual challenge to a synthetic chemist. This task puts a premium on creativity and imagination. There is no single correct answer that can be arrived at by an established routine. 

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