Inventive process

Invent processes for the generation and distribution of energy that do not release greenhouse gases or toxic contaminants into the atmosphere. 

A 90% reduction in activation energy, not an unreasonable expectation for catalysts in general, reduces the peak temperature below 0 C. Clearly, only a small amount of catalytic action is required to make dramatic reductions in the release temperature. This implies that, with careful control of the invented process, it should be possible to dial-in the desorption temperature for hydrogen desorption. This allows us to assess how this hydrogen storage media can be applied. 

Throughout the history of industrial development man has generally adopted a new invention, process, or product and attempted quickly to adapt it to a particular need for which adequate data are unavailable. In aerospace propulsion many of the prior arts and processes were those of the explosives industry, an industry characterized by intensive employee training and considerable reluctance toward change. In the expansion caused by utilization of many of the processes in solid propellant manufacture, adaptation was necessarily performed by personnel not experienced in the rationale of the prior art, occasionally leading to disastrous results. 

R. Gans Discovered that zeolites could be used to soften hard water. He also invented processes for synthesizing zeolites and designed the equipment—the zeolite water softener— used for the recovery of gold from sea water. 1905... 

By then dissipating in loads this excess energy collected in the Drude electron gas in the output circuit, the invented process provides greater energy to be dissipated in the load than is input by the operator. The combination of processes thus allows an EM system freely functioning as an open system not in equilibrium with its active vacuum (due to the giant negentropy mechanism... 

Figure 65. Fred Olsen. Has done important work on cellulose and has made many improvements in detonating explosives, high explosives, and smokeless powder in particular, has invented processes for the quick stabilization of nitrocellulose and for the production of ball-grain powder. Chief of Chemical Research, Aetna Explosives Company, 1917-1919 Chemical Adviser, Picatinny Arsenal, 1919-1928 Technical Director, Western Cartridge Company, 1929—.

Thus the conventional process gives an HMX yield of 67.3%, whereas an 80.4% yield is claimed for the invented process]... 

Now we proceed with the formal invention process by pairing building blocks with the foregoing design solution to the moving surfaces. A number of the examples that follow will clarify the process. 

I can conclude this fantasy by paraphrasing Einstein s statement at the beginning of this chapter The problem of satisfying the pleasure requirements of the brain will only be resolved when we have gained the understandings needed to invent processes for dealing with them. 

In 1895 came the hydroelectric development at Niagara Falls by 1910 that was the location of the world s greatest center of electrochemical activity, not only of production but also of process research and product development. Outstanding was Frederick Becket and his Niagara Research Laboratories, where he invented processes for making carbon-free chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium by direct reduction of their oxides, and other important processes as well. This was one of the very first... 

Whenever products which are made by an invented process are new, useful and non-obvious (e.g. have advantages over existing products), the products derived from the inventive process should be included in the patent claims. Combined process and product patents are quite common, in fact many countries including the USA and the EPO extend patent protection to the products directly obtained from a patented process. 

The fundamental logic of the 76 Standard Solutions is that problems can be abstracted and modeled. The models in turn have specific rules, culled from a database of similar problem resolutions, revealing the direction the inventive process should follow if it is to discover an ample solution. In other words, the 76 Standard Solutions form an empirical algorithm for solving certain classes of innovation problems. 

The inventive process comprises the acid-catalyzed condensation of citral (II) with a resorcinol (III). 

Bentonite is a montmorillonite-containing clay, named after its source, Fort Benton, Mont. It is among the group of clays commonly referred to as bleaching earths which require activation by an acidic treatment process. Fuller s earth, another montmorillonite-containing clay, is not treated by any activation process before use hence its description as a raw bleaching earth . These and other adsorbent clays may be employed in the inventive process. 

This particular story is actually the account of the genesis of an invention. The inventive process is not clearly understood, but one factor that seems to be important is the necessity for a high degree of naivety. That is why, so frequently, it is not the experts that do the inventing, but they are the ones who, once a lead has been established, come in and exploit the area. Our work is an excellent illustration of this phenomenon. 

To find the best process among all these variants is quite impossible simply because the ideal solution is unknown [Bauer 1996]. To calculate all possible variants [Seider 1999], to compare them, and then select one is not feasible because of the large number. Perhaps this example reveals why inventing processes is still an art rather than a craft [Be lingl995]. However, the tools available for performing this art are being continuously improved [Bla 1989, Schembecker 1996] (Section 4.2.1). 

At the time his groundbreaking book on Synectics was published (Gordon 1961), he was the president of the Invention Research Group in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was also lecturing at Harvard. In the same year, Gordon established, with three friends and associates from ADL, a company called Synectics Inc. Its mission was to continue and expand their research on the inventive process. After several years, Gordon left Synectics Inc. to focus on the potential applications of the method of Synectics in education and founded the company Synectics Education Systems. His new company was focused on creativity and education and on the promotion of... 

The study revealed four psychological states that seem to be associated with the inventive process ... 

These five psychological states were observed at times when the inventor was making breakthroughs, and the frequency of their occurrence was growing at the end of the inventive process. The researchers verified the existence of these five states through a series of interviews with... 

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