Oligodeoxynucleotides delivery

Wu, D., R. Boado, and W. Pardridge. 1996. Pharmacokinetics and blood-brain barrier transport of [3H]-biotinylated phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide conjugated to a vector-mediated drug delivery system. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 276 206. 

Oishi M, Hayama T, Akiyama Y, Takae S, Harada A, Yamasaki Y, Nagatsugi F, Sasaki S, Nagasaki Y, Kataoka K (2005) Supramolecular assemblies for the cytoplasmic delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide polylon complex (PIC) micelles based on polyethylene glycol)-S,S-oligodeoxynucleotide conjugate. Biomacromolecules 6 2449-2454... 

Diwaii M, Elamancliili P, Cao M, Samuel J (2004) Dose spai ing of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide vaccine adjuvants by iianopai ticle delivery. Cui i Drug Deliv 1 405 12. 

Regnier V, Preat V (1998). Localization of a EITC-labeled phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide in the skin after topical delivery by iontophoresis and electroporation. Pharm. Res. 15 1596-1602. 

Kakizawa Y, Furukawa S, Kataoka K (2004). Block copolymer-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles sensing intracellular environment for oligodeoxynucleotide and siRNA delivery./. Control. Rel. 97(2) 345-356. 

The formulation of pharmacologically active drug molecules in DDS can improve or abolish these unfavorable properties. However, there are also drawbacks in DDS development, such as system complexity, unwanted biologic effects, stability, costs of development and scale-up, as well as intellectual property issues. In the limited format of this review, it is not possible to cover all methods and references in the field. Hence, we concentrate this review on DDS for the delivery of peptides, DNA, plasmids, oligodeoxynucleotides, siRNA, and lipophilic nucleoside derivatives. Vaccine delivery systems will also be mentioned, and examples will be provided to demonstrate the general development trends. 

Diwan M, Tafaghodi M, Samuel J. Enhancement of immune responses by co-delivery of a cpg oligodeoxynucleotide and tetanus toxoid in biodegradable nanospheres. J Contr Rel 2002 85 247-262. 

An improved delivery scheme for intracellular tracking and anticancer therapy uses a novel double functionalization of a carbon nanotube delivery system containing antisense oligodeoxynucleotides as a therapeutic gene and CdTe QDs as fluorescent labeling probes via electrostatically layer-by-layer assembling [39]. 

Jia N, Lian Q, Shen H, et al. Intracellular delivery of quantum dots tagged antisense oligodeoxynucleotides by functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 2007 7 2976-2980. 

Wang J, Tao X, Zhang Y, Wei D, Ren Y. Reversion of multidrug resistance by tumor targeted delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides in hydroxypropyl-chitosan nanoparticles. Biomaterials. 2010 31(15) 4426-33. 

The requirement for the new approaches to control the delivery of the compounds such as peptides, proteins, plasmid DNA, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, and immunotoxins has been created through the development of different advanced medications over the previous decade. Their ability to get the targeted regions is important for the activity of these molecules, nevertheless, once they enter into the body system proteases or DNA-degrading enzymes in vivo simply degraded the mentioned polymers [65]. 

SpiUer, D.G. and Tidd, D.M., Nuclear delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides through reversible permeabiUzation of human leukemia cells with streptolysin O, Antisense Res. Dev., 5, 13, 1995. 

Biessen EAL, Vietsch H, Rump ET, Fluiter K, Kuiper J, Bijsterbosch MK, van Berkel TJC (1999) Targeted delivery of oligodeoxynucleotides to parenchymal liver cells in vivo. Biochem J 340 783-792... 

Keywords Biocompatibility Biosignal sensitivity Gene delivery Nonviral carriers Oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) delivery Polyion complex (PIC) micelle Polymeric carriers siRNA dehvery... 

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