Oil of cinnamon

Phenyl-2-propen-l-ol [104-54-1], commonly referred to as cinnamyl alcohol, is a colorless crystalline soHd with a sweet balsamic odor that is reminiscent of hyacinth. Its occurrence in nature is widespread as, for example, in Hyacinth absolute (Hyacinthus orientalis) (42), the leaf and bark oils of cinnamon Cinnamomum cassia, Cinnamomum lancium, etc), and Guava fmit [Psidiumguajava L.) (43). In many cases it is also encountered as the ester or in a bound form as the glucoside. 

Yet another complication in 1H NMR spectroscopy arises when a signal is split by two or more nonequivalent kinds of protons, as is the case with trans-cinnamaldehyde, isolated from oil of cinnamon (Figure 13.19). Although the n + l rule predicts splitting caused by equivalent protons, splittings caused by nonequivalent protons are more complex. 

The chief constituents of leaf oil of cinnamon cassia from Yunnan province were cinnamaldehyde (64.1-68.3%), ( )-2-methoxy cinnamaldehyde (8.4-10.5%) and ( )-cinnamyl acetate (4.5-12.5%) (Li etal., 1998). The structures of the chief volatile components of cinnamon oil are shown in Fig. 7.1. 

ISO (1977) Oil of cinnamon leaf. International Standard ISO 3524-1977 (E.). International Organization for Standardization, Paris, 2 pp. 

Kaul, P.N., Bhattacharjee, A.K. and Rao, B.R.R. (1998) Chemical composition of the essential oils of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) leaves affected by leaf spot disease. Indian Perfumer 42(1), 33-35. 

Koketsu, M., Gonclaves, S.L., Godoi, R.L., Lopez, D. and Morsbach, N. (1997) The bark and leaf essential oils of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Presl.) grown at Parana, Brazil. Ciencia Tecnologia Alimentos... 

Veluti, A., Sanchis, V., Ramos, A.J. and Marin, S. (2004) Effect of essential oils of cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, oregano and palmarosa on growth and fumonisin B1 production by Fusarium verticillioides in maize. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 84(10), 1141-1146. 

Cinnamic aldehyde (3-phenylprop-2-enal) This is not a terpene derivative but is an example of an aldehyde. Found in essential oils of cinnamon bark, cassia (Chinese cinnamon). Warm, spicy and balsamic. 

It is commonly asserted that the words aromatic compounds" were introduced at the end of the eighteenth century to distinguish such molecules from their aliphatic homologues because of their pleasant olfactory properties natural products such as oil of wintergreen, aniseed, sassafras, oil of cinnamon and vanilla beans were included at this time in the "aromatic class of compounds. 

SYNS ARTinCIAL CINNAMON OIL CINNAMON BARK OIL CINNAMON BARK OIL, CEYLON TYPE (FCC) CINNAMON OIL KASSIA OEL (GERMAN) OIL OF CASSIA OIL OF CHINESE CINNAMON OIL OF CINNAMON OIL OF CINNAMON, CEYLON OILS, CINNAMON... 

SYNS CEYLON CINNAMON BARK OIL CEYLON-ZIMT OEL CINNAMON LEAF OIL, CEYLON CINNAMON OIL, CEYLON OIL OF CINNAMON, CEYLON... 

Aromatic versions of cyclohexane monoterpenes (benzenoid menthanes or cymenes) are also found in nature and are constituents of some plants frequently used as spices. The hydrocarbon p-cymene (E19) has been found to occur in the oils of cinnamon (Cinnamonum zeylanicum), cypress, eucalyptus, thyme, and turpentine, whereas m-cymene (E20) is a constituent of the oil of blackcurrant Rites nigrum, Saxifragaceae). The corresponding phenols, thymol (p-cymen-3-ol) (E21) and carvacrol... 

Oleum Cinnamomi (oil of cinnamon) Used as a cordial with carminative properties. Often employed with other remedies. 

Cinnamic Aldehyde.—The other aromatic aldehyde which we shall mention is cinnamic aldehyde. It contains the aldehyde group in the side chain and not in the benzene ring, and is thus an aliphatic aldehyde substitution product of benzene. The aliphatic side chain is also an unsaturated chain. Its formula is CeHs—CH=CH—CHO, and it may be considered as beta-phenyl acrylic aldehyde. As an aldehyde it yields by oxidation an acid, viz., beta-phenyl acrylic acid or, as it is commonly known, cinnamic acid. The aldehyde is found in oil of cinnamon obtained from cinnamon bark, hence its name and the name of the acid. The most important synthesis is by the condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde, as follows ... 

Which of the two is the cis form and which the trans form has not been determined. A third cinnamic acid, viz., iso-cinnamic acid, is also known, but the constitution of it has not been established. Cinnamic acid is found in nature in the resin storax both as the free acid and as the cinnamic alcohol ester, styrin. It is also found in Peru and Tolu balsams as the free acid and as the benzyl alcohol ester, the benzoic acid ester of benzyl alcohol being present also. Thus benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, cinnamic alcohol and cinnamic acid are all constituents of esters present in these plant resins. Allo-cinnamic acid, the geometric isomer, is obtained from coca leaves from which the alkaloid cocaine is also obtained (p. 896). When cinnamic acid is heated with lime it loses carbon dioxide and yields the unsaturated side-chain hydrocarbon st3rrene, or phenyl ethylene, CeHs—CH = CH2. On reduction it yields first cinnamic aldehyde, found in oil of cinnamon (p. 842) and then cinnamic alcohol. Both cinnamic acid and allo-cinnamic acid yield anhydrides. 

Aldehydes.—Some essential oils contain aldehydes e.g.y oil of hitter almondsy which is benzaldehyde (p. 654). Oil of cinnamon and oil of cassia contain mostly cinnamic aldehyde (p. 656). 

Drops, toothache Drops for toothache are comprised of a solution of phenol in oil of cinnamon and methyl salicylate. The solution entered the National Formulary V (1926). A mixture of phenol, creosote, or volatile oils dissolved in paraffin, with a few filaments of cotton added, and molded into sticks constitutes Dental Wax. ... 

TABLE XV. Components of the Essential Oils of Cinnamon Leaf and Bark... 

In its pure, fresh state, the cyanobenzoyl, (cyanuret of benzoyl) is a colorless fluid, but it rapidly changes to yellow. It possesses a pungent odor, strongly exciting tears, and at a distance resembles oil of cinnamon. Its taste is biting, sweetish, and afterward much like prussic acid. 

Oil of cinnamon leaf, Sri Lanka type (Ciimamomum zeylanicum Blume)... 

ISO 3524 2003 Oil of cinnamon leaf Sri Lanka Type (Cinnamomon zeylanicum Blume), International Organisation of Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland (2002)... 

Derivation (1) From oil of cassia or oil of cinnamon occurs as an ester. (2) Reduction of cinnamic aldehyde. 

ClNNAMOMI OLEUM. Oil of cinnamon. Lauras cinnamomum. Oleum volatile. The volatile oil. 

Psychic correspondence incense oil of cinnamon obtained from inner bark and leaf. 

Steam distillations are used commonly in many areas of industry and research. The fat in fish meal is determined by passing steam into a suspension of the fish meal. The fat is separated easily and floats to the top of the water in the receiver, where its amount can be determined. This is one of the ways that "oils" are prepared, such as oil of lemon, oil of cinnamon, oil of pine, or oil of peppermint. 

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