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Of The Earth

The Earth is naturally cold, because of its participating more of the nature of the opaque and dark Primal Matter. This cold makes the body, heavier and denser and this density renders it less penetrable to Light, which is the principle of heat. It has been created in the midst of the waters, with which it is always mixed and the Creator seems to have made it dry on its surface, only to render it suitable for the abode of Vegetables and animals. [Pg.39]

The heat peculiar to the Earth, is fit only for corruption. Its moisture weakens it, and could produce nothing unless aided by the celestial heat, pure and without mixture, which leaves to generation, by exciting the action of the internal fire, by developing it, by expanding it, and by drawing it, to speak thus, from the center of the seed, where it lies torpid and concealed. These two heats by their homogeneity work in concert for the production and preservation of the Mixts. [Pg.39]


Ferguson E E, Fehsenfeid F C and Aibritton D L 1979 ion chemistry of the earth s atmosphere Gas Phase Ion Ghemistry ed M T Bowers (San Diego, CA Academic)... [Pg.827]

All static studies at pressures beyond 25 GPa are done with diamond-anvil cells conceived independently by Jamieson [32] and by Weir etal [33]. In these variants of Bridgman s design, the anvils are single-crystal gem-quality diamonds, the hardest known material, truncated with small flat faces (culets) usually less than 0.5 nun in diameter. Diamond anvils with 50 pm diameter or smaller culets can generate pressures to about 500 GPa, the highest static laboratory pressures equivalent to the pressure at the centre of the Earth. [Pg.1958]

Alfe D, Gillan M J and Price G D 2000 Constraints on the composition of the Earth s core from ab initio calculations Nature 405 172-5... [Pg.2233]

Water contains 89 % by weight of oxygen, and the outer crust of the earth contains about 47% hence air, earth and sea together contain about 50% by weight of oxygen. [Pg.260]

In combination, carbon is found as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of the earth and dissolved in all natural waters. It is a component of great rock masses in the form of carbonates of calcium (limestone), magnesium, and iron. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are chiefly hydrocarbons. [Pg.16]

A gaseous element, oxygen forms 21 % of the atmosphere by volume and is obtained by liquefaction and fractional distillation. The atmosphere of Mars contains about 0.15% oxygen. The element and its compounds make up 49.2%, by weight, of the earth s crust. About two thirds of the human body and nine tenths of water is oxygen. [Pg.20]

Sodium is present in fair abundance in the sun and stars. The D lines of sodium are among the most prominent in the solar spectrum. Sodium is the fourth most abundant element on earth, comprising about 2.6% of the earth s crust it is the most abundant of the alkali group of metals. [Pg.27]

Silicon makes up 25.7% of the earth s crust, by weight, and is the second most abundant element, being exceeded only by oxygen. Silicon is not found free in nature, but occurs chiefly as the oxide and as silicates. Sand, quartz, rock crystal, amethyst, agate, flint, jasper, and opal are some of the forms in which the oxide appears. Granite, hornblende, asbestos, feldspar, clay, mica, etc. are but a few of the numerous silicate minerals. [Pg.33]

The metal is the seventh most abundant and makes up about 2.4% by weight of the earth s crust. Most potassium minerals are insoluble and the metal is obtained from them only with great difficulty. [Pg.45]

Iron is a relatively abundant element in the universe. It is found in the sun and many types of stars in considerable quantity. Its nuclei are very stable. Iron is a principal component of a meteorite class known as siderites and is a minor constituent of the other two meteorite classes. The core of the earth — 2150 miles in radius — is thought to be largely composed of iron with about 10 percent occluded hydrogen. The metal is the fourth most abundant element, by weight that makes up the crust of the earth. [Pg.57]

Titanium oxide bands are prominent in the spectra of M-type stars. The element is the ninth most abundant in the crust of the earth. Titanium is almost always present in igneous rocks and in the sediments derived from them. [Pg.75]

The metal is a source of nuclear power. There is probably more energy available for use from thorium in the minerals of the earth s crust than from both uranium and fossil fuels. Any sizable demand from thorium as a nuclear fuel is still several years in the future. Work has been done in developing thorium cycle converter-reactor systems. Several prototypes, including the HTGR (high-temperature gas-cooled reactor) and MSRE (molten salt converter reactor experiment), have operated. While the HTGR reactors are efficient, they are not expected to become important commercially for many years because of certain operating difficulties. [Pg.174]

Much of the internal heat of the earth is thought to be attributable to the presence of uranium and thorium. [Pg.201]

When writing a Lewis structure we restrict a molecule s electrons to certain well defined locations either linking two atoms by a covalent bond or as unshared electrons on a sm gle atom Sometimes more than one Lewis structure can be written for a molecule espe cially those that contain multiple bonds An example often cited m introductory chem istry courses is ozone (O3) Ozone occurs naturally m large quantities m the upper atmosphere where it screens the surface of the earth from much of the sun s ultraviolet rays Were it not for this ozone layer most forms of surface life on earth would be dam aged or even destroyed by the rays of the sun The following Lewis structure for ozone satisfies fhe ocfef rule all fhree oxygens have eighf elecfrons m fheir valence shell... [Pg.24]

The biosphere is the part of the earth where life is it includes the surface the oceans and the lower atmosphere... [Pg.66]

Measurements of ozone (O3) concentrations in the atmosphere are of particular importance. Ozone absorbs strongly in the ultraviolet region and it is this absorption which protects us from a dangerously high dose of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. The vitally important ozone layer lies in the stratosphere and is typically about 10 km thick with a maximum concentration about 25 km above the surface of the earth. Extreme depletion of ozone in a localised part of the atmosphere creates what is known as an ozone hole. [Pg.380]

It is easiest to appreciate what is meant by mass iadirecdy, by observing the influence of forces on objects, eg, by picking up an object and sensing the effect of the earth s gravitational force acting on it, and hence "feeling" its weight. [Pg.330]

Acid Deposition. Acid deposition, the deposition of acids from the atmosphere to the surface of the earth, can be dry or wet. Dry deposition involves acid gases or their precursors or acid particles coming in contact with the earth s surface and thence being retained. The principal species associated with dry acid deposition are S02(g), acid sulfate particles, ie, H2SO4 and NH HSO, and HN02(g). Measurements of dry deposition are quite sparse, however, and usually only speciated as total and total NO3. In general, dry acid deposition is estimated to be a small fraction of the total... [Pg.377]

Radon-222 [14859-67-7] Rn, is a naturally occuriing, iaert, radioactive gas formed from the decay of radium-226 [13982-63-3] Ra. Because Ra is a ubiquitous, water-soluble component of the earth s cmst, its daughter product, Rn, is found everywhere. A major health concern is radon s radioactive decay products. Radon has a half-life of 4 days, decayiag to polonium-218 [15422-74-9] Po, with the emission of an a particle. It is Po, an a-emitter having a half-life of 3 min, and polonium-214 [15735-67-8] Po, an a-emitter having a half-life of 1.6 x lO " s, that are of most concern. Polonium-218 decays to lead-214 [15067-28A] a p-emitter haviag = 27 min, which decays to bismuth-214 [14733-03-0], a p-emitter haviag... [Pg.381]

Plants, in contrast to animals, have the ability to convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and inorganic components of the earth direcdy into high energy carbohydrates (qv), fats, and proteins (qv). These plant materials are absolutely essential to human nutrition as well as to the nutrition of other animal species. Thus consumption of plant matter, either directly or through a food chain, is essential to animal life and humans are totally dependent on agricultural endeavors, ie, the culture and harvesting of plant matter. [Pg.212]


See other pages where Of The Earth is mentioned: [Pg.155]    [Pg.358]    [Pg.16]    [Pg.816]    [Pg.1235]    [Pg.1237]    [Pg.1240]    [Pg.1311]    [Pg.1359]    [Pg.2289]    [Pg.2697]    [Pg.111]    [Pg.650]    [Pg.17]    [Pg.75]    [Pg.100]    [Pg.154]    [Pg.137]    [Pg.210]    [Pg.207]    [Pg.379]    [Pg.24]    [Pg.324]    [Pg.330]    [Pg.330]    [Pg.330]    [Pg.379]    [Pg.95]    [Pg.96]    [Pg.243]    [Pg.245]   
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A SKETCH OF THE CHEMISTRY BEHIND KNOWN CARBON-BASED LIFE ON EARTH

Abundance of Elements in the Earth’s Crust

Age of the earth

Analysis of the Earths Crust - a Geochemical Task

Applications of the Rare Earths

Astronomical factors in orbit of the Earth

Bands of the Spectrum Usable and Partially Used in Earth Sciences

Box 18-3 Instability of the Earths Climate

Chemistry of the Earth

Complexes of the Alkaline-Earth Metals

Complexes of the Heavier Alkaline-Earth Metals

Crust of the earth

Crystal structures of the rare-earth metals

Density, Pressure, and Gravity as a Function of Depth within the Earth

Dimensions, and Other Parameters of the Earth

Dissipation of cosmic gases from the Earths atmosphere

Early Evolution of the Earth

Earth and the Development of Life

Earth with the help of semiconductor sensors

Elemental composition of the earth

Evolution of the earth

Ewen agnetic and transport properties of the rare earths

Example Photolysis of Acetaldehyde at the Earths Surface

FRIENDS OF THE EARTH

Formation of the Earth

Gao Polarographic Analysis of the Rare Earths

Gasgnier, The intricate world of rare earth thin films metals, alloys, intermetallics, chemical compounds

Gravitational Field of the Earth

Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol

Human Modification of the Earth System Global Change

Ionic Liquids in the Context of Rare Earth Separation and Utilization

J.M. Lopez Nieto, The use of rare-earth-containing zeolite catalysts

METALS COME FROM THE EARTHS LIMITED SUPPLY OF ORES

Magnetic and transport properties of the rare earths

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy of the Rare Earths

Observed values of global mean RF and equivalent changes in the Earths albedo

Orbit of the Earth

Ore Deposits of the Rare Earths

Origin and evolution of the Earth

Origin of elements, molecules and the earth

Origins of the Earths Chemical Elements

Oxidation-Reduction Balances of the Earth System

Philosophy of Using the Cycle Approach to Describe Natural Systems on Earth

Photosynthesis The Basis of Life on Earth

Physical Properties of the Rare Earth Metals

Physical and Chemical Properties of the Rare Earths

Polarographic analysis of the rare earths

Pressure, and Gravity as a Function of Depth within the Earth

Prices - Not Just a Question of Metal Content in the Earths Crust

Radiation balance of the Earth

Radiation balance of the Earth-atmosphere system

Reactions of the Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals

Schumann and W. Genthe, Organometallic compounds of the rare earths

Sedimentary Carbonates in the Evolution of Earths Surface Environment

Shielding of the earths magnetic field

Silva and V.A. Fassel -ray excited optical luminescence of the rare earths

Silva and V.A. Fassel, X-ray excited optical luminescence of the rare earths

Silva and VA. Fassel, X-ray excited optical luminescence of the rare earths

Spectra of helium and the alkaline earth metal atoms

Structure of the Earths Interior

Structure of the Earth’s interior

Sundstrdm, Low temperature heat capacity of the rare earth metals

Sundstrom ow temperature heat capacity of the rare earth metals

Sundstrom, Low temperature heat capacity of the rare earth metals

Survey of the alkaline-earth metals

THE EARTH

Ternary Chlorides and Bromides of the Rare-Earth Elements

The Limitations and Challenges of Understanding Earth Systems

The Natural Balance of Heat on Earth

The Origin of Life on Earth

The absorption and fluorescence spectra of rare earth ions in solution

The absorption andfluorescence spectra of rare earth ions in solution

The beginning of Life on Earth Biochemistry

The cost and availability of rare earth-based corrosion inhibitors

Theory of the Earth

Transparency of the Earths Atmosphere

Uses of the rare earths

What is the role of life in earths climate system

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