Of Germany

In Germany For a complete list of books available from Penguin, please write to Penguin Books Ltd, Friedrichstrasse 10 - J2. D-6000 Frankfurt Main 1, Federal Republic of Germany... 

This work is supported by Federal Ministry of Economics of Germany and the National... 

This work was supported by the Ministry of Economics of Germany. The authors are grateful to J. Goebbels (BAM, Germany) for fruitful discussions. 

WWW NDT/UT Library of 250 sites with its abstracts in sections Institutes. Societies. Applications, Databases/Archives, Standards. NDT Maps of Germany/Canada/Israel... 

Jutland to the Shell refinery in Fredericia. Development of instrumentation and conducting the survey was made in co-operation between the FORCE Institute and H. Rosen Engineering of Germany. 

CoF is available from Advance Research Chemicals, Inc., Aldrich Chemicals, Aesar, Johnson/Matthey, PCR, Pfaltz Bauer, Noah Chemicals, and Strem Chemicals of the United States, Fluorochem of the UK, and Schuhardt of Germany. Demand for cobalt trifluoride varies from 100 to 1500 kg/yr and the 1993 price for smaller quantities ranged from 300 to 350/kg. 

Western Europe. Acetylene demand in Western Europe exceeds by far that of any other geographical region. Prior to the unification of Germany in 1990, acetylene consumption in Western Europe was estimated to be 430, 000 t/yr with the addition of 280,000 t of consumption attributed to the former German Democratic RepubHc, total consumption increased to 710,000 t. 

Coals of the western part of Germany usuady occur ia thinner seams and ia more local areas. The maia produciag areas are west of Cologae with opea-cast mines at Vide, Frechea, Garsdorf, and Frimmersdorf. This brown coal is important to electric power generation (27). 

Plants for briquette production exist in the eastern part of Germany, AustraHa, and India. German transport costs pet unit of heating value ate about 40% less for briquettes than for lignite. 

Tars can be hydrogenated to produce Hquid fuels. High hydrogen and low asphaltene, ie, benzene-soluble and pentane-iasoluble, contents are desirable. The central German brown coals are attractive for this reason. The tars from the eastern part of Germany require much lower pressures and less hydrogen per unit of product than do brown coals near Cologne, which can require pressures up to 71 MPa (700 atm) (see Petroleum). 

Other companies with early involvement in developing nonwovens as textile replacements include Avondale Mills, Kimberly-Clark, The Kendall Company, and the West Point Manufacturing Company. Freudenburg of Germany, a worldwide producer of nonwoven interlinings (another woven fabric replacement), began efforts in the 1930s to find a substitute for leather (qv) (7). 

Leucrose, 6-0-(a-D-glucopyranosyl)-P-D-fmctopyranose [7158-70-5] is synthesized from sucrose usiag a dextranase enzyme from l euconostoc mesenteriodes and a small proportion of fmctose (2%). Pfeifer Langen of Germany have developed a production process for leucrose that iavolves extraction of the enzyme, treatment with 65% aqueous solution of sucrose and fmctose (1 2 wt/wt) at 25°C, separation of the product from fmctose by ion-exchange column chromatography, and crystallization. The product has not yet been launched on the market as of this writing (1996). 

Americas United States 231,500 Europe Federal RepubHc of Germany 92,639... 

Benzene production by various foreign countries is shown in Table 8 (69—72). As of 1987, the leading foreign producers of benzene were the Federal Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan, the Nethedands, and the USSR. 

Until 1960, coal was the source material for almost all benzene produced in Europe. Petroleum benzene was first produced in Europe by the United Kingdom in 1952, by Erance in 1958, by the Eederal Republic of Germany in 1961, and by Italy in 1962. Coal has continued to decline as a benzene source in Europe, and this is evident with the closure of coke ovens in Germany (73). Most of the benzene produced in Europe is now derived from petroleum or pyrolysis gasoline. In Europe, pyrolysis gasoline is a popular source of benzene because European steam crackers mn on heavier feedstocks than those in the United States (73). 

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