Obesity therapeutics

Kordik CP, Reitz AB (1999) Pharmacological treatment of obesity therapeutic strategies. J Med Chem 42 181-201... 

Bays, H. E. (2004). Current and investigational antiobesity agents and obesity therapeutic treatment targets. Obes Res 12(8) 1197-211. 

Therapeutic foods have been developed to meet the needs of pets that have nephritic failure, allergies, thyroid problems, geriatric difficulties, and obesity. Most of these therapeutic diets are dispensed by veterinarians, though some are available in pet food outlets and human-food stores stocking pet foods. Treats are usually snacks that may be nutritionally complete or may provide a tasty morsel as a reward. The number of treat products has escalated rapidly. 

Lee DK, George SR, O Dowd BF (2006) Unravelling the roles of Hie apelin system prospective therapeutic applications in heart failure and obesity. Trends Pharmacol Sci 27 190-194... 

Rice bran fiber has fructo-oligosaccharides - a pre-biotic that helps friendly bacteria to proliferate in the gastrointestinal environment and improves intestinal and colon health (Tomlin and Read, 1988). Recent studies in humans (Kahlon and Chow, 1997) have revealed that rice bran fiber not only normalizes bowel function, but also helps in conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Crohn s disease, and lowers the lipid levels. Rice bran fiber has been shown to significantly reduce renal stones (Jahnen et al., 1992). It is a good source of fiber in weight loss programs and therapeutic fiber diets for diabetics and heart patients. Fiber diets prevent cancer of the colon and large bowel, control obesity and improve bowel function. 

Histamine produces its pharmacological actions by three subtypes of receptors the postsynaptic Hi and H2 receptors and the presynaptic H3 receptor. The H3 receptor is mainly located in the central nervous system (CNS), where it acts as an inhibitory autoreceptor in the central histaminergic neuronal pathways [176]. A number of therapeutic applications have been proposed for selective H3 receptor antagonists, including several CNS disorders such as Alzheimer s disease. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, or for enhancing memory or obesity control. 

Our current understanding of the potential therapeutic applications of CBi antagonists owes a great deal to the discovery of rimonabant (382). Indeed, clinical data demonstrating the efficacy of (382) in the treatment of obesity and nicotine addiction has provided a substantial driving force for the expanding research effort into this approach. 

Patient education is an important component of care. Educate patients about the benefits of proper therapy, the importance of adherence, and the importance of receiving a consistent LT4 product. Some patients will take excessive amounts of LT4 in an effort to feel better or as a weight-loss treatment. Explain to patients that excessive amounts of LT4 will not improve symptoms more than therapeutic doses and that this drug is not an effective treatment for obesity. 

Identify desired therapeutic goals for patients who are overweight or obese. 

Recommend appropriate nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapeutic interventions for overweight or obese patients. 

Based on the information presented, create a care plan for this patient s obesity. Your plan should include (1) a statement of the drug-related problems, (2) the goals of therapy, (3) a detailed patient-specific therapeutic plan, and (4) a monitoring plan that would determine if goals are achieved and adverse effects avoided. 

Drugs that act on the H3 receptor are being developed for the treatment of obesity, sleep disturbances, epilepsy and cognitive disorders. The ability of histamine to promote arousal, suppress appetite, elevate seizure threshold and stimulate cognitive processes implies that compounds able to enhance the release of neuronal histamine should mimic these effects. Several H3 antagonists currently in development demonstrate such activity and show promise as effective and novel therapeutic agents [40, 84-86]. Because H3 agonists suppress the release of... 

Bellocchio L, Mancini G, VicennatiV, etai, Cannabinoid receptors as therapeutic targets for obesity and metabolic diseases, Curr Opin Pharmacol 6 586-591, 2006. 

Drugs with thyroid hormone activity, alone or with other therapeutic agents, have been used for the treatment of obesity. In euthyroid patients, doses within the range of daily hormonal requirements are ineffective for weight reduction. Larger doses may produce serious or even life-threatening manifestations of toxicity, particularly when given in association with sympathomimetic amines such as those used for their anorectic effects. 

Pharmacology Orlistat is a reversible lipase inhibitor for obesity management that acts by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fats. It exerts its therapeutic activity in the lumen of the stomach and small intestine. 

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