Nylon thermoplastic resins

The packaging (qv) requirements for shipping and storage of thermoplastic resins depend on the moisture that can be absorbed by the resin and its effect when the material is heated to processing temperatures. Excess moisture may result in undesirable degradation during melt processing and inferior properties. Condensation polymers such as nylons and polyesters need to be specially predried to very low moisture levels (3,4), ie, less than 0.2% for nylon-6,6 and as low as 0.005% for poly(ethylene terephthalate) which hydrolyzes faster. 

Asbestos fibers have likewise been used in reinforcement of plastics such as poly(vinyl chloride), phenoHcs, polypropylene, nylon, etc. Reinforcement of both thermoset and thermoplastic resins by asbestos fibers has been practiced to develop products for the automotive, electronic, and printing industries. 

Plastics. Almost all commercial plastics find some use both dry and lubricated for sliding at low speeds and light loads the most commonly used thermoplastics are nylon, acetal resins, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Typical thermosetting resins for bearing appHcations are phenoHcs, polyesters, and polyimides. Table 8 compares the characteristics of plastic bearing materials with those of graphite, wood, and mbber which find use in somewhat similar appHcations. 

Nylon Resins. Nylon engineering thermoplastic resins have the foUowing polyamide stmctures ... 

What was the first synthetic plastic Although some nineteenth-century experiments should be mentioned, such as the 1869 molding process for cellulose nitrate discovered by John and Isaiah Hyatt, probably the first major breakthrough came in 1910 with Leo Baekeland s discovery of phenol formaldehyde resins (Bakelite ). These are still the leading thermoset plastics made today. The pioneering work of Wallace Carothers at Du Pont in 1929 produced the nylons now used primarily as fibers but known as the beginning of thermoplastic resin technology. 

Common to all reinforced plastics are two ingredients, resin and reinforcement. Resin is an oiganic material, usually of high molecular weight, that can be molded and set into a final shape. Resins are of two basic types. Thermoplastic resins soften upon heating, are shaped in a mold, and retain that shape when cooled. Common examples are nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate. Thermosetting resins are placed in a mold and cured by the use of a catalyst, heat, or both, until they harden in the shape of the mold. Common examples are polyester, vinyl ester, epoxies, phenolics, and p olyure thanes. 

The principal kinds of thermoplastic resins include (1) acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins (2) acetals (3) acrylics (4) cellulosics (5) chlorinated polyelliers (6) fluorocarbons, sucli as polytelra-fluorclliy lene (TFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) (7) nylons (polyamides) (8) polycarbonates (9) poly elliylenes (including copolymers) (10) polypropylene (including copolymers) ( ll) polystyrenes and (12) vinyls (polyvinyl chloride). The principal kinds of thermosetting resins include (1) alkyds (2) allylics (3) die aminos (melamine and urea) (4) epoxies (5) phenolics (6) polyesters (7) silicones and (8) urethanes,... 

Fig. 1. US total sales and captive use of selected thermoplastic resins by major market for 2001. Major market volumes are derived from plastic resins sales and captive use data as compiled by VERIS Consulting, LLC and reported by the American Plastics Council s Plastic Industry Producers Statistics Group. Selected thermoplastics are low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polyester, engineering resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, styrene-acrylonitrile, other styrenics, polystyrene, and styrene butadiene latexes. (Data from ref. 25.)...

Synthetic stocks are gradually replacing the traditional wooden stock due to their cheapness, ease of manufacture, lighter weight, and wear ability, and are claimed to be more stable and easier to maintain than wooden stocks. Materials such as nylon, polyurethane, fiberglass, Kevlar reinforced with fiberglass or carbon fiber, or thermoplastic resin reinforced with glass and ceramics may be used. The stocks may be hollow, or have a hollow filled... 

Thermoplastic matrix composites are generally employed where high-volume and economic considerations exist such as in the automotive and decorative paneling industries. Thermoplastic resin-based composites range from high-priced polyimide, polyethersul-fone, and polyetheretherketone to the more affordable nylon, acetal, and polycarbonate resins. Practically all thermoplastics are available in glass-reinforced grades. 

Hahgenated polymers, both brominated and chlorinated, have been developed to yield better polymer compatibility, improve physical properties, and long-term-aging characteristics in many thermoplastic resins, particularly the high-performance engineering thermoplastics, such as nylon, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These materials still use antimony oxide as a synergist to achieve the desired flame resistance (31). 

Polymers and petrochemicals styrene, acrylonitrile, phenol, acetic acid, benzene, naphthalene, o-xylene, methanol, butadiene, ethylene, propylene, polystyrene and styrene copolymers, nylon thermoplastics, polyvinyl butyral sheet, and specialty resins... 

Grilamid . [EMS-Am. Grilon EMS-Grilon UK] Thermoplastic elastomers or nylon 12 resins for inj. molding and extrusion applies. 

Migralube. [Kawasaki Steel] Polycarbonate or nylon 6 10 intemally lubricated thermoplastic resins for sevee frictional ai lics. 

Poly(imino(1,6-dioxo-1,6-hexanediyl)imino-1,6-hexane-diyl). 126AM30P A 100 (polyamide) A 142 (nylon) A146 (nylon) A 153 (nylon) A 153P0118 A 175 (nylon) A 203 (nylon) A 205 (polyamide) A 216V35 A 216V50 1,8-Diazacyclotetradecane-2,7-dione homopolymer, sru Nylon-W Poly(imino(1,6-dioxo-1,6-hexanediyl)imino-1,6-hexanediyl) Ultramid A3 times G7. Polymeric amide formed by the reaction of adipic acid with hexylenediamine. Thermoplastic resin for injection molding, extrusion. Asahi Chem. Industry Snia UK. 

Among thermoplastic resins used as the matrix in reinforced plastics, the largest tonnage group is the polyolefins, followed by nylon, polystyrene, thermoplastic polyesters, acetal, polycarbonate, and polysulfone. The choice of any thermoplastic is dictated by the type of application, the service environment, and the cost. 

Rimplast materials from Petrarch are silicone/thermoplastic IPNs that combine the warpage and wear resistance properties of silicone with nylon, thermoplastic polyurethane, or styrene/butadiene block copolymers. The combination of properties these IPNs possess make them suitable for high quality, high tolerance gear and bearing applications that can benefit from the addition of internal lubrication and isotropic shrinkage of silicone to the fatigue endurance and chemical resistance of crystalline resin, while processability still remains the same. 

Uses Fluorescent optical brightener for nonaq. systems, acrylics, epoxies, other solv.-based coatings, thermoset and thermoplastic resins, plastics, films, and molded goods fabric brightener or whitener for detergent systems for nylon, silk, wool, and acetates (for use with nonionic, anionic, or cationic surfactants)... 

The matrix material used in polymer-based composites can either be thermoset (epoxies, phenolics) or thermoplastic resins (low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, acrylics). The filler or reinforcing agent can be chosen according to the desired properties. The properties of polymer matrix composites are determined by properties, orientation and concentration of fibers and properties of matrix. 

CAS 24936-74-1 26098-55-5 Synonyms Nylon 6/12 PA 612 Polyamide 612 Poly (hexamethylenedodecanediamide) Classification Thermoplastic polyamide Formula [NH(CH2)6NHCO(CH2)ioCO]n Properties Solid dens. 1.07 kg/l m.p. 210 C tens, str. ( yield) 60 MPa Uses Thermoplastic resin for molding, extrusion, films, brush bristles, industrial monofilament, cable/wire jacketing, elec./automotive parts food pkg. 

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