Nutrient fluxes

River Nutrient Flux and Coastal Production and Accumulation. The... 

The magnitude and fate of coastal-zone biological production is a major unknown in the global carbon cycle. Since river nutrient flux into these regions may be altered with C02-induced climate change, it is important that generation and fate of coastal-zone production be better understood. 

Handbook of Photosynthesis, edited by Mohammad Pessarakli Chemical and Isotopic Groundwater Hydrology The Applied Approach, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, Emanuel Mazor Fauna in Soil Ecosystems Recycling Processes, Nutrient Fluxes, and Agricultural Production, edited by Gero Benckiser Soil and Plant Analysis in Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, edited by Teresa Hood and J. Benton Jones, Jr. 

Although reaction-diffusion limitation and the presence of nutritionally restricted phenotypes are obviously important determinants of biofilm drug resistance, neither, either separately or in combination, provides a complete explanation of the phenomena. Cells on the periphery of the biofilm, subject to nutrient fluxes similar to planktonic organisms would succumb to antibacterial concentrations that are effective against the planktonic cells. Cell-death at the periphery would lead to increased nutrient availability for deeper-lying cells. These would, in turn, grow faster and adopt a more susceptible... 

Falco S, Niencheski LF, Rodilla M et al (2010) Nutrient flux and budget in the Ebro estuary. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 87 92-102... 

Karp-Boss, L., Boss, E. and Jumars, P. A. (1996). Nutrient fluxes to planktonic osmotrophs in the presence of fluid motion, Oceanogr. Mar. Biol., 34, 71-107. 

Brinson, M. M., H. D. Bradshaw, R. N. Holmes, and J. B. Elkins, Jr. 1980. Litterfall, stemflow and throughfall nutrient fluxes in an alluvial swamp forest. Ecology 61 827-835. 

McDowell, W. H. 1998. Internal nutrient fluxes in a Puerto Rican rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 14 521-536. 

Of the organic carbon entering the ocean, about 35% accumulated in marine sediments as organic carbon with a molar C/N/P ratio of about 250/20/1 (Mackenzie, 1981) the rest was respired and oxidized to CO2 and evaded the ocean. The nitrogen and phosphorus riverine fluxes of 1 and 0.045 x 1012 moles y1, respectively, represented the nutrient fluxes necessary to support the organic matter accumulation of 11.7 x 1012 moles C y1. 

First, the application of fertilizers to the land surface has led to increased runoff of N and P from the land surface. Discharge of human wastes has augmented this flux. It appears that the total global nutrient flux today is about 2.5 times greater than the long-term geologic flux, and results in excess accumulation of organic carbon in the ocean (Meybeck, 1982 Wollast, 1983). Furthermore, because of land use activities, the flux of POC, DOC (Likens et al., 1981), and DIC (Meybeck, 1982) from land via rivers to the ocean has been enhanced. 

The features of the hepato-portal system together with the previous mentioned integral control supports the concept that the glucose-insulin control system is not so much a control of plasma glucose concentration as a system that controls the nutrient fluxes after a meal. 

As concluded in Sections 6.3 and 6.4, the function of the control system is to shift the nutrient fluxes between different end points and organs, so piling up of nutrients or metabolites is avoided. The control is not absolute in the sense that there are definite rules that govern the precise function of the control system. It rather appears that the system operates in a self-organizing manner that is able to cope with the very different possible nutrients regarding both composition, quantity, and timing. 

Residence time is defined as the ratio of the mass of a scalar to the rate of renewal of the scalar under steady-state conditions. Residence times are commonly used to better understand variability in biogeochemical processes such as nutrient fluxes, chlorophyll concentrations, primary production, and benthic faunal production. 

Estuary Nutrient fluxes ( xmol m 2 h Reference3 PO4 ) Sediment oxygen consumption (SOC) (g m 2 d-1)... 

Table 16.1 Nutrient fluxes from submarine groundwater discharge.

New production the NPP that is supported by nutrients from outside the estuary proper (e.g., river inputs) and production supported by nutrients regenerated from within the estuary (e.g., nutrient fluxes across the sediment/water boundary from remineralized organic matter in sediments), respectively. 

Asmus, R. (1986) Nutrient flux in short-term enclosures of intertidal sand communities. Ophelia 26, 1-18. 

Bourgeois J. (1994) Patterns of benthic nutrient fluxes on the Louisiana continental shelf. M.S. thesis, University of Southwestern Louisiana. 

Correll, D.L., Jordan, T.E., and Weller, D.E. (1992) Nutrient flux in a landscape effects of coastal land use and terrestrial community mosaic on nutrient transport to coastal waters. Estuaries 15, 431 142. 

Dale, A.W., and Prego, R. (2002) Physico-biogeochemical controls on benthic-pelagic coupling of nutrient fluxes and recycling in a coastal inlet affected by upwelling. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 235, 15-28. 

Hall, P. O. J., Hulth, S., and Hulthe, G. (1996) Benthic nutrient fluxes on a basin-wide scale in the Skagerrak (north-eastern North Sea). J. Sea Res. 35, 123-137. 

Ragueneau, O., Conley, D.J., Longphuirt, S., Slomp, C.P., and Leynaert, A. (2005a) A review of the Si biogeochemical cycle in coastal waters, I diatoms in coastal food webs and the coastal Si cycle. In Land-Ocean Nutrient Fluxes Silica Cycle, (Ittekot, V., Humborg, C., and Gamier, L., eds.), SCOPE, Linkoping, Sweden. 

---