Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Oligonucleotides

Electrostatically-controlled pre-association interactions have an important effect on rates for [Pd(dien)Cl]+ reacting with thione-containing nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides, as is often the case for reactions between metal complexes and this type of biological ligand. Interaction between the charged complex and the polyanionic oligonucleotide surface leads to an increase in both enthalpy and entropy of activation in the DNA or model environment (252). 

Methods of Chemical Synthesis of Amino Acid and Peptide Esters of Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Oligonucleotides T. L. Tsilevich, A. A. Kraevskii and B. P. Gottikh, Russ. Chem. Rev. (Engl. Transl.), 1972, 41, 822-832. 

Bimolecular Electron Transfer Processes of Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Oligonucleotides... 

Table 5.2 Nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides for which Jhh has been used as a structural parameter...

Dialdehyde derivatives of nucleosides, nucleotides, and oligonucleotides 00MI47. 

FAB mass spectrometry of nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides has been reviewed the spectra of the major nucleosides of RNA and DNA have been reported in both positive-and... 

Applications of m.s. to the determination of complex carbohydrate structues (60 refe./ and in the analysis of nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides (6 refs.) have been reviewed. 

Nucleic acid base and nucleoside derivatives were bonded to 3-aminopropyl silanized silica (APS-silica) and silica gel. These resins were useful as the columns of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the selective separation of oligoethyleneimine derivatives having pendant thymine or adenine bases. These column systems were also found to be applicable to the separation of nucleosides, nucleotide, and oligonucleotides. 

HPLC resins containing nucleic acid base derivatives were prepared. These resins give excellent complimentary separation of nucleic acid base derivatives, nucleosides, nucleotides, and oligonucleotides. These resins may be useful for the separation of components of nucleic acids and polynucleotides as a specific separation system, while ion-exchange and reverse-phase systems are non-specific separation systems. 

Amblard P, Cho JFl, Schinazi RF (2009) Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in nucleoside, nucleotide, and oligonucleotide chemistry. Chem Rev... 

Figure 1. From the small molecule world to the RNA world. The two primary challenges for assembling RNA (or proto-RNA) from the prebiotic chemical inventory are the selection of the correct RNA monomers (adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine, and ribose), and coupling of the monomers in the correct way into nucleosides, nucleotides, and oligonucleotides.

The determination of nucleotide, nucleoside, and base concentrations is of prime importance in genetic, biomedical, and biochemical research. As our knowledge and interest in each of these areas has expanded, so has the demand for reliable analytical techniques for the rapid separation and determination of nano- and picomole quantities of free nucleotides, nucleosides, bases, and oligonucleotides. 

There is a growing interest in developing the synthetic methodology for nucleoside i7-phosphonates and the application of this chemistry to the synthesis of nucleotides and oligonucleotides. A good review of this literature has appeared. ... 

Figure 1 The chemical units of nucleic acids, (a) The purine and pyrimidine nucleobases. (b) Nucleosides, nucleotides, and an oligonucleotide. Approximate pA a values taken from Bloomfield et al ...

The interrelation between conformational properties of nucleosides and nucleotides in solution is investigated, as far as possible, by plots of appropriate nmr parameters from results that are available in the literature. Only schematic representations of the plots are presented in this work so that the salient features can be discussed. The investigation provides methods by which results for nucleosides, mononucleotides and oligonucleotides can be rationalised. It is also shown that the conformational properties of adjacent bonds of nucleotidyl units are interdependent and analysis of the interrelationships provides insight into the cooperative nature of the conformational properties of nucleosides and nucleotides in solution. 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography.—Reverse phase h.p.l.c. using octadecyl bonded groups has been developed for the rapid and efficient separation of nucleosides, nucleotides, and protected oligonucleotides on both analytical and preparative scales. ... 

This chapter reviewed selected papers published in 2012 on the chemical synthesis and biological, particularly medicinal, applications of nucleotides and oligonucleotides. The term nucleotide is the central point of the chapter. As a nucleotide has a nucleoside in its make-up and plays its functional roles as part of oligonucleotides, some relevant aspects of nucleosides and oligonucleotides are also included in this chapter. For its intended functions, a nucleotide can be presented in several forms, such as phosphoramidite, phosphoramidate, phosphonate and triphosphate, their relationships can be summarized in the Scheme below. 

O. G. PNA-related oligonucleotide mimics and their evaluation for nucleic acid hybridization studies and analysis. Nucleosides, Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2001 20 419-428. 

Gaur, R.K. (1991) Introduction of 5 -terminal amino and thiol groups into synthetic oligonucleotides. Nucleoside Nucleotides 10, 895-909. 

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