Nucleic acid base containing

H. Kitano, H. Ringsdorf, Surface Behaviors of Nucleic Acid Base-Containing Lipids in Monolayer and BUayer Systems , Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 58,2826 (1985)... 

As discussed in Chapter 3, the nucleic acid bases cytosine, thymine, and uracil contain a pyrimidine ring. Adenine and guanine are based on the purine ring, which includes a pyrimidine ring. Because the five nucleic acid bases contain the pyrimidine ring, perhaps we should not be surprised that pyrimidines are prominent in the pharmaceutically active ingredients used in a variety of therapies including antipsychotic, cholesterol reduction, cancer, erectile dysfunction, antivirals, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 

Synthesis and Polymerization of Nucleic-Acid Base Containing Norbomenes... 

Platinum—polyethyleneimine complexes prevent the division of bacteria, and are being tested as carriers in the treatment of cancer and vimses (445—447). Encapsulated PEIs containing nucleic acid bases activate the neutrophils in human blood (448). 

Significant progress in the optimization of VDW parameters was associated with the development of the OPLS force field [53]. In those efforts the approach of using Monte Carlo calculations on pure solvents to compute heats of vaporization and molecular volumes and then using that information to refine the VDW parameters was first developed and applied. Subsequently, developers of other force fields have used this same approach for optimization of biomolecular force fields [20,21]. Van der Waals parameters may also be optimized based on calculated heats of sublimation of crystals [68], as has been done for the optimization of some of the VDW parameters in the nucleic acid bases [18]. Alternative approaches to optimizing VDW parameters have been based primarily on the use of QM data. Quantum mechanical data contains detailed information on the electron distribution around a molecule, which, in principle, should be useful for the optimization of VDW... 

Anionic Polyelectrolytes Containing Nucleic Acid Bases.136... 

Neutral Water-Soluble Polymers Containing Nucleic Acid Bases. . . . 143... 

Ionic Surfactants Containing Nucleic Acid Bases.146... 

Neutral Water-Soluble Polymers Containing Nucleic Acid Bases... 

Nucleic Acids Also Contain Additional Bases... 

Base pair (bp) The four nucleotides in the DNA contain the bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Two bases (adenine and thymine or guanine and cytosine) are held together by weak bonds to form base pairs. The two strands of human DNA are held together in the shape of a double helix by those bonds between base pairs. For example, the complementary nucleic acid base sequence to G-T-A-C that forms a double-stranded structure with the matching bases is C-A-T-G. 

Nucleic acids can contain of any one of three kinds of pyrimidine ring systems (uracil, cytosine, or thymine) or two types of purine derivatives (adenine or guanine). Adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine are the four main base constituents found in DNA. In RNA molecules, three of these four bases are present, but with thymine replaced by uracil to make up the fourth. Some additional minor derivatives are found in messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), particularly the N4,N4-dimethyladenine and N7-methylguanine varieties. 

The contents of the nucleic acid bases in the poly-L-lysine derivatives were determined by UV spectra of the polymers after hydrolysis The polymers were hydrolyzed in 6 N-hydrochloric acid at 105°C for 24 hr, into lysine dihydrochloride and the carboxyethyl derivatives of the nucleic acid bases. The quantitative calculation was made relative to the standard sample of the carboxyethyl derivative of the nucleic acid bases. The analytical data are listed in Table 1. It was found that the thymine and uracil derivatives was completely substituted to polylysine. Low value in case of adenine base in the polymer may be attributed to the unstability of the activated ester, Ade-PNP (2), and may also be explained in terms of the steric interaction among bulky pendant groups of the polymer. When the poly-L-lysine containing about 50 mol % adenine units was again treated with Ade-PNP, the adenine unit content in the polymer increased up to 74 mol %(,] ). 

In 1973, the synthesis of amino acids containing pendant theophylline and other nucleic acid bases, and the polymerization of NCA compounds derived therefrom have studied by our group ( 16). 

These compounds contain alkyl groups that form strong, covalent bonds with the nucleic acid bases of DNA, especially guanine. This interferes with DNA transcription and replication, inhibiting mitosis (Figure 16.1). They have a broad spectrum of antitumour activity and are used in the treatment of lymphoma, breast and ovarian carcinoma, melanoma and multiple myeloma. 

In contrast to n-n transitions, the n-n transitions of heterocyclic compounds and carbonyl-containing rings are often polarized in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the ring. Linear dichroism of cytosine, adenine, and other nucleic acid bases has been measured on single crystals and in partially oriented polymer films.71 Magnetically induced linear dichroism provides a new tool for study of metalloproteins.72... 

NUCLEOSIDE. A compound of importance in physiological and medical research, obtained during partial decomposition (hydrolysis) of nucleic acids and containing a purine, oi pyrimidine base linked to either tf-ribose, forming ribosides, or rf-deoxyribose, forming deoxynbosides. They are nucleotides minus the phosphorus group. See also Adenosine and Nucleic Acids... 

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