Nozzle icing

Note that in lieu of testing, Par (b) 2 and (b) 3 above allows the use of a capacity factor of 0.80 as a multiplier on the stamped capacity of the spring loaded safety relief valve (nozzle bpe). Some manufacturers test specific valve/rupture disk combinadons and determine the actual capacity factor for the combination, and then use this for the net capacity determination. See Figures 7-10, 7-11, 7-12, 7-13A and 7-13B. c. A rupture disk de ice may be installed on the outlet side of a spring loaded safety relief valve... 

A 0.65 gravity naturally gas (K = 1.25) flows from a two-in. line through a 1.5-in. nozzle. The upstream temperature is 90°F. The upstream pressure is 100 psia while the downstream pressure is 80 psia. Is icing a potential problem What will be the flowrate ... 

From the results of using two spray heads or one submerged nozzle to produce 100 pounds of ice per hour at a temperature difference of 1.2° F., a design was made for a... 

The scraper at the top of the column is designed with two cutting blades and two rakes which transport the shaved ice to the chute to the melt tank. A stainless steel pipe nozzle header is part of each of the four arms of the scraper. Wash water is supplied through a hollow shaft to the headers and is sprayed onto the top of the ice (see Figure 8). 

In cold climates, especially when temperatures are below freezing, a water curtain may suffer operating problems when ice forms at the spray nozzles or the water drops produce snow. Either of these occurrences could result in a significant reduction in the effectiveness of a water curtain. 

One simple freezing technique forces the liquid under pressure into a swirling bath of refrigerated hexane. Hexane is chosen because aqueous solutions are immiscible, and the freezing point is below that of a dry ice-acetone mixture, the refrigerant used. The liquid stream leaving the nozzle breaks into droplets whose size depends on the nozzle diameter and the hydraulic pressure used. A 0.25 mm nozzle with a pressure of 20 kPa... 

Use Paper coating, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, binder in tablet mixtures, interior coating of firehose nozzles, fracturing aid in oil wells, textiles, printing, polishing, thickener and emulsifier in food products (e.g., cheese spreads, ice cream, and frozen desserts). 

For the transport from the dry ice box to the beam line, the sample holder was wrapped in a plastic bag filled with crushed dry ice. The Kapton-foil cage could be slid up onto the cryojet nozzle, which allowed easy access to the sample mount. The polyamide cup was placed into the sample mount, while being in the dry ice bag. Once fixed onto the goniometer stage, the dry ice bag was removed, and the Kapton-cage was slid down to ensure continuous cooling of the sample during final adjustments of the cup. 

Carbon Dioxide (CO ) extinguishers are used for Class B and C fires. CO2 extinguishers contain carbon dioxide, a non-flammable gas, and are highly pressurized. The pressure is so great that it is not uncommon for bits of dry ice to shoot out the nozzle. They don t work very well on Class A fires because they may not... 

A few seconds after spraying, ice cream is extruded from a nozzle into the cone. The top of the ice cream is often fluted to enhance its appearance, so the ice cream must be viscous enough for it to retain its shape after extrusion. Sauces or inclusions are then dispensed to provide an attractive top to the product, and the top is sealed with a lid. Finally,... 

Clever nozzle design allows the production of complex two-dimensional shapes, and co-extrusion of different flavours of ice cream, or sauces, enables detail to be added. The extrude and cut process can therefore produce products that cannot be made by moulding. Figure 5.9 shows two examples of these. Spirals of ice cream can be produced with a rotating nozzle two ice cream streams rotate around the centre, through which a further ice cream stream is flowing. 

Lower temperatures may be obtained with solid CO3, which can be purchased in blocks as Dry Ice. If bought in blocks, it must be well crushed, preferably with a mill or it can be produced as snow from a COg cylinder. To make snow a strong canvas bag is attached to the outlet valve of the cylinder. A short nozzle screwed onto the outlet is very practical. The cylinder is tilted downward and the valve opened as wide as possible. Strike the bag vigorously while the carbon dioxide flows into it (with a loud hissing noise) or the COg snow accumulating on the inner surfaces of the bag will clog the pores. 

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