Novel composite paper

A novel composite paper was fabricated by Luong et al. [61] out of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and PolyaniHne (PANi) through in-situ polymerization technique. The synthesized materials exhibited high electrical conductivity and good mechanical characteristics and can be explored for various electrically active apphcation areas. 

Finally, the impact of these new PCC-nanocellulosic fibril composites on paper properties is elucidated. In addition, we describe a novel and rather simple method to produce a new composite paper in laboratory scale. This paper based on cellulosic fibrils, which can be defined as the structural elements of the biopolymers, has radically higher filler proportion than conventional printing paper and exhibits superior quality. 

Production and Analysis of Novel Composite and Reference Fine Paper... 

Injection molding of samples containing more than 40% cellulose is limited by the high viscosity of the filled melt. This limit is reached at about 60% by hydrolyzing the fibers. Prehydrolytic treatment has been further optimized in our laboratory and has been applied in a pilot plant for the processing of paper-contaminated plastics waste collected from a municipal solid waste stream. The application of this method to the waste stream not only contributes to a decrease in the amount of of waste but at the same time creates novel composite materials at a very attractive price. Table II demonstrates the differences between the mechanical properties of composites manufactured by treatment of paper-contaminated plastics waste collected fi om different sources and illustrates the benefits of prehydrolytical treatment. 

Ball, R.J. and R. Stevens, Novel Composite Electrolytes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications , paper presented at the 26th Annual International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, Cocoa Beach, FL, January 13 - 18, 2002. 

B. D. Bauman, "Novel Polyurethane Composites with Surface-Modified Polymer Particles," paper presented at SPI 32nddnnual Technical Marketing Conference, 1989. 

In the attempt to synthesize molecular sieves with isomorphous substitutions of A1 and/or Si by the divalent calcium element in the tetrahedral positions, we obtained a new calcium silicate phase by inclusion of heteroatom calcium into silicate sols. The characterization results showed that as-synthesized calcium silicate, named CAS-1 (Calcium silicate No. 1), was a novel zeolite-like crystal material with the cation reversibly exchangeable and selectively adsorptive properties. In this paper, the effects of composition of raw materials, reaction temperature and the different alkali ion on the hydrothermal synthesis of calcosilicate crystal material CAS-1 were investigated and the uptake of different cation on the thermal stability of CAS-1 structure was also examined. The sample was characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, DT-TGA, BET, AAS and chemical analysis. 

The first tasks of the work described in this paper were to define the chemical compositions of the vacuum-stable products derived from the interaction of graphite with AsF, AsF, mixed with F2, and OjAsF,. The second tasks were to explain the peculiar features of the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern for the stage-one C,4AsF, (/, a 7.6 A). A novel structure involving fluoride ligand nestling of the AsF," in the hexagonal depressions of the carbon atom sheets is proposed. 

The novel approach for calculation of pore size distributions, which is reported in the current study is based on recent developments in the materials science and in the theory of inhomogeneous fluids. First, an application of experimental adsorption data for well-characterized MCM-41 silicas enabled proper calibration of the pore size analysis. Second, an application of a modem theory to describe the behavior of inhomogeneous fluids in confined spaces, that is the non-local density functional theory [6], allowed the numerical calculation of model isotherms for various pore sizes. In addition, a practical numerical deconvolution method that provides a "best fit" solution representing the pore distribution of the sample was implemented [7, 8]. In this paper we describe a deconvolution method for estimating mesopore size distribution that explicitly allows for unfilled large pores, and a method for creating composite, or hybrid, models that incorporate both theoretical calculations and experimental observations. Moreover, we showed the applicability of the new approach in characterization of MCM-41 and related materials. 

Although no commercial examples exist currently in the gas separation field, thin film composite membranes such as those pioneered by Cadotte and co-workers (10) may ultimately permit the use of novel materials with unique transport properties supported on standard porous membranes. Therefore, the focus in this paper will be on suggesting a basis for understanding differences in the permeability and selectivity properties of glassy polymers. Presumably, if such materials prove to be difficult to fabricate into conventional monolithic asymmetric structures, they could be produced in a composite form. Even if thin film composite structures are used, however, the chemical resistance of the material remains an important consideration. For this reason, a brief discussion of this topic will be offered. 

Abstract In this paper we address two aspects of ionic liquids (ILs) that to date have either no or limited studies. They are (1) exploitation of unique features of ILs to develop novel spectroscopic methods which otherwise is not possible and (2) development of novel spectroscopic methods for the sensitive and accurate determination of thermal physical properties of ILs. In the first category, we have successfully developed a novel, highly sensitive and accurate method for the determination of enantiomeric compositions of chiral compounds with different sizes, shape and functional groups including pharmaceutical products. This method is based on the use of a chiral IL which serves both as a solvent and also as a chiral selector. We have also demonstrated that ILs can be used to substantially enhance the sensitivity of thermal lens measurements. In the second category, we have demonstrated that transient grating technique and thermal lens technique can be used for the sensitive, accurate, nondestructive determination of thermal physical properties of ILs. 

In this paper, we report the preliminary results on the synthesis and properties of epoxy-modified ZrP. These materials show classical graded characteristics in composition, microstructure, and properties. The microstructure-property relationships in these novel FGMs are discussed. 

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