Norwegian Fjord

Sinha et al. investigated air-sea fluxes of methanol, acetone, acetaldehyde, isoprene and dimethyl sulfide from a Norwegian fjord following a phytoplankton bloom in May/June 

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Fossa, J. H. (1992). Mass occurrence of Periphylla periphylla in a Norwegian fjord. Sarsia 77 237-251. 

Herring, P. J., Bassot, J.-M., and Flood, P. R. (1997). Bioluminescent responses of the scyphozoan Periphylla periphylla from a Norwegian fjord. In Hastings, J. W., et al. (eds.), Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence Molecular Reporting with Photons, pp. 154—157. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester. 

Haug, A., S. Melson, and S. Omang. 1974. Estimation of heavy metal pollution in two Norwegian fjord areas by analysis of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum. Environ. Pollut. 7 179-192. 

Eplsvik, N. Brevik, E.M. Berge, J. A. 2002, Organotin compounds in a Norwegian fjord. A comparison of concentration levels in semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs), blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and water samples. J. Environ. Monitor. 4 280-283. 

Voie, 0.A. Johnsen, A. Rossland, H.K. 2002, Why biota still accumulate high levels of PCB after removal of PCB contaminated sediments in a Norwegian Fjord Chemosphere 46 1367-1372. 

SABINE SCHMIDT, SAUVEUR BELVISO, PAUL WASSMANN, GERARD THOUZEAU JACQUELINE STEFELS / Vernal sedimentation trends in north Norwegian fjords temporary anomaly in 234Th particulate fluxes related to Phaeocystis pouchetii proliferation 235-244... 

Few studies exist where mass fluxes of Phaeocystis cell carbon have been quantified along with POC export. We compiled the existing data sets to evaluate the contribution of Phaeocystis spp. cell carbon to vertical carbon flux. Phaeocystis pouchetii blooms are regularly observed in North Norwegian fjords (Heimdal 1974 Eilertsen et al. 1981 Riebesell et al. 1995 Reigstad et al. 2000 Wassmann et al. 2005). Due to the close vicinity of Tromsp, many years of observations from the water column as well as from sediment trap measurements (without fixatives) are available from these localities. 

Table 2 Daily loss rates of Phaeocystis pouchetii cell carbon (C) from the integrated standing stock (0-100 m) to sediment trap at 100 m depth in three North Norwegian fjords, April, 2001 ...

Fig. 4 Phaeocystis pouchetiildiatom (P/D) cell carbon ratio is compared suspended (integrated mg C m-2, 0-40 and 0-100 m) and in the corresponding sediment trap material (mg C m-2 d-1) at (a) 40 m and (b) 100 m depth during spring bloom events. The 40 m data includes measurements from North Norwegian fjords (Balsfjord in 1996 and Balsfjord, Ullsfjord and Malangen 1997, n = 26), and the 100 m data includes measurements from...

The potential underestimation of Phaeocystis spp. carbon by only including cell carbon is thus not likely to be >40%. Based on measurements of vertical flux around 100 m depth from Antarctica, the coastal North Sea, North Norwegian fjords, the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean (Fig. 5), the average carbon contribution from Phaeocystis spp. to the POC flux will increase from 3% to <5% by including mucus carbon. Despite the lack of appropriate species-specific carbon conversion rates for all Phaeocystis species, the evidence clearly indicates that Phaeocystis spp. mucus, sinking as intact colonies with cells, is not significantly contributing to the total POC export. 

A strong decline in the vertical export of P. pouchetii cells between 40 m and 100 m has been shown in the Barents Sea and North Norwegian fjords. 

Reigstad M (2000) Plankton community and vertical flux of biogenic matter in north Norwegian fjords Regulating factors, temporal and spatial variations. PhD... 

During the 2002 and 2003 mesocosm studies many of the Phaeocystis colonies were observed to be perfectly spherical, suggesting that there may be P. globosa rather than P. pouchetii present in western Norwegian fjords. During the second mesocosm experiment (2003) an effort was made to determine the diversity of Phaeocystis species present in these mesocosm studies. 

Reigstad, M. (2000) Plankton Community and Vertical Flux of Biogenic Matter in North Norwegian Fjords Regulating Factors, Temporal and Spatial Variations, University of Tromso, Tromso, 88 pp. 

Sinha, V, J. Williams, M. Meyerhofer, U. RiebeseU, A. I. Paulino and A. Larsen (2007) Air-sea fluxes of methanol, acetone, acetaldehyde, isoprene and DMS from a Norwegian fjord following a phytoplankton bloom in a mesocosm exp>eriment. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, 739-755... 

The two largest deposits of uraniferous muds are in the Black Sea (Turkey and U.S.S.R.) and in the Walvis Bay area. South Africa. Similar deposits are known from the Caspian and Baltic Seas and some Norwegian fjords. It thus appears that restricted environments with a trend to euxenic conditions favour uranium accumulation. 

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