Nitrous oxide , dissolved gases

Nitrous oxide dissolves in the fats that sheath the nerve cells, and produces numbing and mild intoxication. It is the laughing gas dentists use to make patients less aware of pain. 

A car with this modification produces NO carbon dioxide and NO carbon monoxide, but since air is mixed with the gas combustion, it is likely that the greenhouse gas Nitrous Oxide is produced. But Nitrous Oxide dissolves reasonably well in water, so since the exhaust gasses are passed through the header tank which contains the water fuel, it is likely that this engine arrangement is a good deal greener than most. 

The 1-hydroxyalkyl radical formed is a strong reducing agent and reduces the solute in addition to the hydrated electron. When the oxidation of a solute is desired, the hydrated electron has to be removed. This is achieved by irradiating the solution under an atmosphere of nitrous oxide. This gas dissolves at a concentration of 2.5 x 1(T M, i.e. at a concentration much higher than that of the solute. N2O is known to react rapidly with the hydrated electron according to... 

Considerable developmental effort is being devoted to aerosol formulations using the compressed gases given in Table 4. These propellants are used in some food and industrial aerosols. Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, which tend to be more soluble, are often preferred. When some of the compressed gas dissolves in the product concentrate, there is partial replenishment of the headspace as the gas is expelled. Hence, the greater the gas solubiUty, the more gas is available to maintain the initial conditions. 

The narcotic potency and solubiUty in oHve oil of several metabohcaHy inert gases are Hsted in Table 10. The narcotic potency, ED q, is expressed as the partial pressure of the gas in breathing mixtures requited to produce a certain degree of anesthesia in 50% of the test animals. The solubiUties are expressed as Bunsen coefficients, the volume of atmospheric pressure gas dissolved by an equal volume of Hquid. The Hpid solubiHty of xenon is about the same as that of nitrous oxide, a commonly used light anesthetic, and its narcotic potency is also about the same. As an anesthetic, xenon has the virtues of reasonable potency, nonflammability, chemical inertness, and easy elimination by the body, but its scarcity and great cost preclude its wide use for this purpose (see Anesthetics). 

Assuming the randomness factor is about the same, the gas with the larger heat effect (favoring dissolving) should have the higher solubility. The measured solubilities at one atmosphere pressure and 20°C of oxygen and nitrous oxide in water are, respectively, 02, 1.4 X 10-3 mole/liter and N20, 27 X 10-3 mole/liter, consistent with our prediction.. 

In canned whipping cream, the gas nitrous oxide is used as both a propellant and a whipping agent. Nitrous oxide under pressure dissolves in the fats in the cream, and comes out of solution (like fizzing carbon dioxide in a soda) when the pressure is released. The bubbles of nitrous oxide instantly whip the cream into foam. 

As shown in Table II, in the presence of polymer, the enclosed nitrous oxide is completely consumed during irradiation. In the place of nitrous oxide, nitrogen and water are formed. The yield of nitrogen or water corresponds stoichiometrically to the loss of nitrous oxide. A large G value, about 2000, is given for the disappearance of nitrous oxide. Estimation of the G value is based on the assumption that the available energy for the consumption is only that absorbed directly by the gas dissolved in the polymer solid. The G values for the formation of water and nitrogen should be equal to 2000. Moreover, the summation of the amount of the excess formation of crosslinks and unsaturation becomes stoichiometrically almost equal to the loss of nitrous oxide, as shown in Table III. The equation of material balance of nitrous oxide, therefore, should be written as follows ... 

Since nitrous oxide is one of the most soluble inorganic gases in the polymer solid, under our experimental conditions nitrous oxide can be regarded not only as an atmosphere but as a small additive in the polymer solid. In the polymer solid, especially in its amorphous region, nitrous oxide apparently dissolves homogeneously and disperses molec-ularly. At 600 mm. of Hg, in the case of polyethylene, the weight concentration is calculated as 0.1 to 0.2%. The gas solubility in poly-... 

A flow apparatus for detroying 98% of the w-dissolved RDX at flow rates of 2500fi/min is described in Ref 114. The photolysis products include nitrogen gas, nitrous oxide gas. nitrate and nitrite ions, formaldehyde and ammonia. One intermediate product has been identified as l-nitroso-3,5-dimtro-l,3,5-triazacyclohexane. The primary photochemical steps involved in the photolysis are postulated... 

This uncomplicated molecule (N2 O) was produced for the first time two centuries ago—in 1772—by the chemist and political refugee Sirjoseph Priestly. He was also the first person to isolate oxygen. As Priestly tried to determine whether dry carbon dioxide would dissolve iron, he prepared a gas that he named "Dephlogisticated Nitrous Air. He experimented with this gas, soon to be known as nitrous oxide, but never inhaled it. 

Nitrous oxide (N20), commonly known as laughing gas, is a colorless and virtually odorless, tasteless, nontoxic gas. Nitrous oxide is an oxidizer that will support combustion, but it is a nonflammable gas. It is water-soluble but when it is dissolved, its acidity does not change. 

Nitrous oxide is quite soluble in water. At 0 °C, a volume of water dissolves 1.3 times its volume of N20 at 1 atm pressure. It is used as a propellant gas in canned whipped cream, and it has been used as an anesthetic (laughing gas). The melting point of N20 is -91 °C and the boiling point is -88 °C. 

Nitrous Oxide occurs as a colorless gas. One liter at 0° and 760 mm Hg weighs about 1.97 g. One volume dissolves in about 1.4 volumes of water at 20° and 760 mm Hg. It is freely soluble in alcohol and soluble in ether and in oils. 

On reducing the density of the acid to 1 30, nitrous oxide is formed in amount equivalent to 7 per cent, of the iron dissolved. With acid of density 1 25, the reaction is further complicated, nitrogen and ammonia being produced the former gas reaches a maximum in the case of acid of density 1-15, and then falling, whilst the ammonia reaches a maximum with acid of density 1-05.3... 

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