Nitrogen compounds degradation

Nitrogen compounds degradable to ammonia Synthetic solutions Dialysis Fluorimetry 1 x 10 6-1.0 x 10 3 mol L-1 Flow injection system four parallel reactors for increasing sampling rate enzymatic formation of ammonia aqueous o-phthalaldehyde solution as the acceptor stream [543]... 

Proteins. Proteins (qv) supply amino acids (qv), palatabiHty enhancement, and, when present in more than requited amounts, energy as the proteins are degraded and nitrogen compounds excreted. Dogs and cats can consume and meet amino acid requirements in the form of pure amino acids with complete success. However, animal tissue cannot differentiate between pure, plant, or animal sources of those amino acids, and those amino acids can be obtained much more economically from either plant or animal proteins. 

Biosynthesis of Protein. The dynamic equilibrium of body protein was confirmed by animal experiments using A/-labeled amino acids in 1939 (104). The human body is maintained by a continuous equilibrium between the biosynthesis of proteins and their degradative metabolism where the nitrogen lost as urea (about 85% of total excreted nitrogen) and other nitrogen compounds is about 12 g/d under ordinary conditions. The details of protein biosynthesis in living cells have been described (2,6) (see also Proteins). 

The challenge in these designs is to lower the NO without degradation in unit stability. In the combustion of fuels that do not contain nitrogen compounds, NOx compounds (primarily NO) are formed by two main mechanisms, thermal mechanism and the prompt mechanism. In the thermal mechanism, NO is formed by the oxidation of molecular nitrogen through the following reactions ... 

The best known catabolic pathways of nitrogenous compounds are those of arginine, proline, allantoin and 4-aminobutyrate (GABA) degradation. Each of these is inducible under specific conditions, and all are subject to nitrogen-catabo-lite repression (see [7,9] and section 6.3). 

In summary, two general pathways are now accepted as the reaction basis of pyridine degradation by bacteria. One involves (i) hydroxylation reactions, followed by reduction, e.g., on Bacillus strain 4 and the other (ii) (aerobic) reductive pathway(s) not initiated by hydroxylations, e.g., on Nocardia strain Zl [348], Two review articles, one by Kaiser [320] and the other by Fetzner [326] gave the complete microbial metabolic pathways for several nitrogen compounds carried out in the presence of a variety of microorganisms, some of them previously studied by Professor Lingens [349], The complete degradation pathways of pyridine are shown in Fig. 29. 

Several species of the genus Pseudomonas have been isolated that degrade carbazole and its alkyl derivatives and a variety of other microorganisms have been reported to mineralize non-basic nitrogen compounds, including species of Bacillus, Xanthomonas, Burkholderia, Comamonas, Beijerinckia, Mycobacterium, and Serratia [310],... 

The increasing interest for HDN reaction is due to environmental push and business pull. The degradation of nitrogen compounds to ammonia and hydrocarbons consumes more hydrogen than any other hydrotreating reaction, and therefore any improvement in the efficiency of HDN catalysis would produce an immediate business advantage. 

It is important that odorous substances undergo degradation in the wastewater phase under aerobic conditions. Organic sulfur compounds seem to be fast degradable, whereas this is not the case for nitrogen compounds (Hwang et al 1995). 

Simple amino acid degradation products aldehydes, sulphur compounds (e.g. hydrogen sulphide, methanethiol), nitrogen compounds (e.g. ammonia, amines)... 

George Kapo. In your experiments on the degradation of lignin you found that adding amino acids catalyzed the decomposition. What are the reactions and mechanisms involved with these added nitrogen compounds ... 

Large, P. J. (1986). Degradation of organic nitrogen compounds by yeast. Yeast 2,1-34. 

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