Nitric oxide sensors

FIGURE 1.6 Abdominal X-ray showing the apparatus consisting of two nitric oxide sensors, a 4-channel pH catheter, and a Teflon nasogastric tube. (Reprinted with permission from the American Gastroenterological Association [82].)... 

X.J. Zhang, L. Cardosa, M. Broderick, H. Fein, and J. Lin, An integrated nitric oxide sensor based on carbon fiber coated with selective membranes. Electroanalysis 12, 1113-1117 (2001). 

X.J. Zhang, J. Lin, L. Cardoso, M. Broderick, and V. Darley-Usmar, A novel microchip nitric oxide sensor with sub-nM detection limit. Electroanalysis 14, 697-703 (2002). 

J.K. Park, P.H. Tran, J.K.T. Chao, R. Ghodadra, R. Rangarajan, and N.V. Thakor, In vivo nitric oxide sensor using non-conducting polymer-modified carbon fiber. Biosens. Bioelectron. 13, 1187—1195 (1998). 

Y. Lee, B.K. Oh, and M.E. Meyerhoff, Improved planar amperometric nitric oxide sensor based on platinized platinum anode. 1. Experimental results and theory when apphed for monitoring NO release from diazeniumdiolate-doped polymeric films. Anal. Chem. 76, 536-544 (2004). 

Thus, for a nitric oxide sensor dependent on ozone chemiluminescence, a 1.5-liter reaction chamber operating at 60 torr with a flow of 1.0 standard liter per second has a residence time of approximately t = (1.5/1.0) X (60/ 760) = 0.12 s. 

Leung E et al (1996) A novel in vivo nitric oxide sensor. Chem Commun 23-24... 

Figure 16.23 Fluorescent nitric oxide sensor. The Co tropocoronand complex does not emit due to efficient excimer formation (top). Coordination of two nitric oxide molecules changes the geometry and excimer formation is geometrically inhibited (bottom) [94]...

Franz KJ, Singh N, Spingler B, Lippard SJ. Aminotroponimines as ligands for potential metal-based nitric oxide sensors. Inorg Chem 2000 39 4081-92. 

Bedioui F, Villeneuve N. Electrochemical nitric oxide sensors for biological samples-principle, selected examples and applications. Electroanalysis 2003 15 5-18. 

Ryabova, V. Schulte, A. Erichsen, T. Schuhmann, W. Robotic sequential analysis of a library of metalloporphyrins as electrocatalysts for voltammetric nitric oxide sensors. Analyst. 2005, 130, 1245-1252. 

Fig. 14.24 Typical standardized sequence of steps performed within an automated test trial for fabricating and screening metalloporphyrin-based nitric oxide sensors in a microtiter plate.75 (Reproduced by permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry)...

Figure 1. Bi-spectra signatures recorded with a commercial nitric-oxide sensor of surface area of the order of square millimeters. Because the fluctuations scale linearly with the surface area, a micron-sized sensor would allow sub parts-per-billion sensitivity.

Kiiding, S., Jakobs, S. and Guth, U. (2003) YSZ-cells for potentiometric nitric oxide sensors. Ionics, 9 (1-2), 151. ... 

Shioya. T. Swager, T.M. A reversible resistivity-based nitric oxide sensor. Chem. Commun. 2002. 1364-1365. Takenaka. S. Highly sensitive probe for gene analysis by electrochemical approach. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2001, 74. 217-224. 

Hilderbrand SA, Lim MH, Lippard SJ (2004) Dirhodium tetracarboxylate scaffolds as reversible fiuorescence-based nitric oxide sensors. J Am Chem Soc 126 4972—4978... 

C NITRIC OXIDE SENSORS 1. Nitric Oxide Signaling... 

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of electrochemical nitric oxide sensor based on conductive polymeric porphyrin.

Porphyrinic catheter-protected sensors can be sterilized with ethylene oxide and used for NO measurement in humans. For measurements of NO in veins or arteries, an intervenous catheter is used. TVo cannulae are inserted into a vein. A 24 G catheter is inserted retrogradely and a 23 G butterfly needle is positioned anterogradely with its tip 10—15 nun from the end of the catheter. The catheter is flushed with 0.5 ml heparin (5000 U/ml) and a nitric oxide sensor is mounted on a 24-G needle and is placed so its tip protruded 1-2 mm beyond the end of the catheter. A platinum-wire counter electrode and silver/silverchloride reference electrode can be placed on the skin adjacent to the vein and covered with conductive gel. Heparin solution physiological saline or drugs can be infused continuously throu the butterfly needle. Infusion of acetylcholine causes a dose-dependent NO signal, attenuated by co-infusion of inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase L-NMMA or L-arginine (Figure 19). 

S. Wang and X. Lin. Electrodeposition of Pt-Fe(lll) nanoparticle on glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical nitric oxide sensor, Eiectrochim. Acta 50, 2887-2891 (2005). 

Shioya, T., and T.M. Swager. 2002. A reversible resistivity-based nitric oxide sensor. Chem Commun 1364-1365. 

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