Nitrate, assimilation

D. J. Pilbeam, 1. Cakmak, H. Marschner, and E. A. Kirkby, Effect of withdrawal of phosphorus on nitrate assimilation and PEP carboxyla.se activity in tomato. Plant Soil I54 (1993). 

Lin JT, Stewart V. 1998. Nitrate assimilation by bacteria. Adv Microbiol Physiol 39 1-30. 

Nitrogen transformations such as nitrate assimilation, denitrification, and decomposition (eqs 10-12) contribute to alkalinity by consuming H+. In contrast, both ammonium assimilation and nitrification (eqs 13 and 14) consume alkalinity via the production of H +. 

Fig. 1. The nitrate assimilation pathway in higher plants. The pathway of nitrate assimilation in the tobacco leaf is illustrated. In some other species an additional cytosolic GS is found in the leaf. The pathway in plant roots is more poorly documented and more variable GS in roots is mostly cytosolic, and some enzymes such as GOGAT are found as isoforms utilising alternate reducing substrates. T, expected nitrate carrier NR, nitrate reductase NiR, nitrite reductase GS, glutamine synthetase GOGAT, glutamate synthase Fd, ferredoxin Gin, glutamine Glu, glutamate.

Burger, G., Tilbur, J. Scazzocchio, C. (1991). Molecular cloning and functional characterization of the pathway-specific regulatory gene nir A, which controls nitrate assimilation in Aspergillus nidulans. Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, 795-802. 

Campbell, W.H. (1988). Nitrate reductase and its role in nitrate assimilation in plants. Physiologia Plantarum 74, 214-19. 

Johnstone, I.L., McCabe, P.C., Greaves, P., Gurr, S.J., Cole, G.E., Brow, M.A.D., Unkles, S.E., Clutterbuck, A.J., Kinghom, J.R. Innis, M.A. (1990). Isolation and characterization of the crnA-niiA-niaD gene cluster for nitrate assimilation in Aspergillus nidulans. Gene 90, 181-92. 

Kleinhofs, A. Warner, R.L. (1990). Advances in nitrate assimilation. In The Biochemistry of Plants. A Comprehensive Treatise, Vol. 16. Intermediary nitrogen metabolism, ed. B.J. Miflin P.J. Lea, pp. 89-120. San Diego, CA Academic Press. 

Wray, J.L. (1988). Molecular approaches to the analysis of nitrate assimilation. Plant, Cell and Environment 11, 369-82. 

Wray, J.L. Kinghorn, J.R. (ed.) (1989). Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Nitrate Assimilation. Oxford Oxford Science Publications. 

Allen AE, Booth MG, Verity PG, Frischer ME (2005) Influence of nitrate availability on the distribution and abundance of heterotrophic bacterial nitrate assimilation genes in the Barents Sea during summer. Aquat Microb Ecol 39 247-255... 

The fact that nitrification rates are often maximal in the vicinity of the bottom of the euphotic zone has important implications for our understanding of N supply for primary production. The important distinction made in the new production paradigm (see above), between NH4+, which is the regenerated nutrient and NOs, the new nutrient, is the basis of N-tracer methods to assess new and regenerated primary production. However, if nitrification occurs in the same depth interval where nitrate assimilation occurs, then nitrate too is a regenerated nutrient. 

Blackburn, H. T., HaU, P. O. J., HrJth, S., andLanden, A. (1996). Organic-N loss by efflux and burial associated with a low efflux of inorganic N and with nitrate assimilation in Arctic sediments (Svalbard, Norway). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 141, 283—293. 

Alien, A. E., Booth, M., Frischer, M., Verity, P., Zehr, J., and Zani, S. (2001). Diversity and detection of nitrate assimilation genes in marine bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67, 5343—5348. 

CoUos, Y. (1982). Transient situations in nitrate assimilation by marine diatoms. III. Short term uncoupling of nitrate uptake and reduction. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 62, 285—295. 

Wang, Q., Li, H., and Post, A. F. (2000). Nitrate assimilation genes of the marine diazotrophic, filamentous cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. strain WH9601. J. Bacterial. 182, 1764—1767. 

Wheeler, P. A. (1993). New production in the subarctic Pacific Ocean net changes in nitrate concentrations, rates of nitrate assimilation and accumulation of particulate nitrogen. Prog. Oceanogr. 32, 137-161. 

Crossland, C. J., and Barnes, D. J. (1977). Nitrate assimilation enzymes from 2 hard corals, acropora-acuminata and goniastrea-australensis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. 57(2), 151—157. 

Aichi, M., and Omata, T. (1997). Involvement of ntcb, a LysR family transcription factor, in nitrite activation of the nitrate assimilation operon in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp., strain PCC 7942. J. Bactenol. 179, 4671-4675. 

MiUer, S. R., and Castenholz, R. W. (2001). Ecological physiology of Synechococais sp strain SH-94—5, a naturally occurring cyanobacterium deficient in nitrate assimilation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67, 3002-3009. 

Devriese, M., Tsakaloudi, V., Garbayo, I., Leon, R., Vilchez, C., and Vigara, J. (2001). Effect ofheavy metals on nitrate assimilation in the eukaryotic microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol. 

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