Nickel monosulfide

Human cells exposed to various nickel compounds have an increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations, although sister chromatid exchange frequency is unaffected. Cells from nickel refinery workers exposed to nickel monosulfide (0.2 mg Ni/m3) or nickel subsulfide (0.5 mg Ni/m3) showed a significant increase in the incidence of chromosomal aberrations (Boysen et al. 1980 WHO 1991 USPHS 1993). No correlation was evident between nickel exposure level and the frequency of aberrations (USPHS 1993). 

Synonyms nickel monosulfide nickel(ll) sulfide millerite. 

Mouse embryo fibroblasts Cell transformation + Miuraetal. 1989 Nickel subsulfide, nickel monosulfide, nickel oxide... 

SYNS MONONICKEL MONOSULHDE NICKEL MONOSULFIDE NICKELOUS SULFIDE NICKELgi) SULFIDE NICKEL(2+) SULFIDE... 

SYNONYMS (nickel) elemental nickel, nickel catalyst, nickel metal, raney alloy, raney nickel (nickel carbonate) basic nickel carbonate, carbon acid nickel salt (1 1), nickelous carbonate (nickel sulfide) mononickel monosulfide, nickel (II) sulfide, nickel monosulfide, nickelous sulfide. 

Test Compounds. Nickel subsulfide (crystalline oNi3S2, particle size < 5 ym) was provided by Dr. Edward Kostiner, University of Connecticut, and its purity and crystal structure were verified by emission spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry as previously described (L5 - Amorphous nickel monosulfide (NiS) was precipitated by addition of aimnonium sulfide to a solution of NiCl2 that was prepared from carbonyl-derived Ni dust and ultrapure HCl. The amorphous NiS was devoid of crystal structure, based upon X-ray diffractometry. The aNi3 2 and NiS powders were sterilized by washing in acetone immediately prior to suspension in tissue culture medium. 

The main nickel compounds are oxides, sulfides, and salts. Nickel compounds are sometimes classed as soluble or insoluble in water such classification can be useful in technical applications but may not be relevant to determining their biological activity. Water-soluble nickel compounds include nickel chloride and nickel sulfate, whereas nickel monosulfide and nickel carbonate are classed as insoluble [1]. 

H. Wang, J-R. Zhang, X-N. Zhao, S. Xu, J-J. Zhu, Preparation of copper monosulfide and nickel monosulfide nanoparticles by sonochemical method. Mat. Lett. 56 (2002) 253-258. 

Nickel also has been used as a dye site in polyolefin polymers, particularly fibers. When a nickel compound, eg, the stearate or bis(p-alkylphenol) monosulfide, is incorporated in the polyolefin melt which is subsequently extmded and processed as a fiber, it complexes with certain dyes upon solution treatment to yield bright fast-colored fibers which are useful in carpeting and other appHcations (189). Nickel stearate complexing of disperse mordant dyes has been studied (190). 

Figure 15.18 Comparison of the nickel arsenide structure (a) adopted by many monosulfides MS with the cadmium iodide structure (b) adopted by some disulfides MS2. The structures are related simply by removing alternate layers of M from MS to give MS2.

---