Neurodegenerative diseases inflammatory response

Moreover,bioactive lipids maybe considered dual messengers they modulate cell functions as messengers and they become part of the response of the nervous tissue to injury, broadly referred to as the inflammatory response. This response occurs in ischemia-reperfusion damage associated with stroke, various forms of neurotrauma, infectious diseases and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease. Inflammation in the nervous system differs from that in other tissues. If the blood-brain barrier is broken, blood-borne inflammatory cells (e.g. polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes, macrophages) invade the intercellular space and glial cells are activated, particularly microglia, which play a prominent role in the inflammatory response. These responses may... 

The decreased consumption of DHA-enriched foods and increased consumption of n-6 enriched vegetable oils is responsible for the 15 1 n-6 n-3 ratio (Wey-landt and Kang, 2005 Simopoulos, 2006). The present western diet promotes the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases, whereas a diet enriched... 

Sun G. Y., Horrocks L. A., and Farooqui A. A. (2007). The role of NADPH oxidase and phospholipases A2 in mediating oxidative and inflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases. J. Neurochem. in press. 

McGeer, P.L., and McGeer, E.G., 1995, The inflammatory response system of brain Implications for therapy of Alzheimer and other neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 21 195-218. 

Zhang J, Rivest S (2001) Anti-inflammatory effects of prostaglanding E2 in the central nervous system in response to brain injury and drculating Upopolysaccharide. J Neurochem 76 855-864 Zipp F, Aktas O (2006) The brain as a target of inflammation common pathways link inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Neurosci 29 518-527... 

In summary, cytokines and growth factors discussed in this section are implicated in the pathophysiological processes of AD of which activated microglia and macrophage perpetuate the inflammatory response that ultimately causes neuronal injury. However, it should be noted that inflarrrmation orchestrated by cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors may only play minor roles, as some researchers regard AD as a neurodegenerative disease rather than neuroinflammatory disease. 

Although inflammation is a self-defense operation, it may attain harmful proportions if not controlled strictly. Evolved as much as W e are, human inflammatory system still gets into the overdrive mode in several instances and instead of being efficacious, creates havoc. Neuroinflammation is one such example. Unrestricted inflammatory response in CNS is now considered a root cause of several neurodegenerative diseases, as an overdose of inflammatory moieties tend to injure/ kill neurons. 

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