Network components

Common network terminology will now be introduced for those who are unfamiliar with the components that constitute a LAN or a WAN. 

Network protocols are standards that define how computers communicate. A typical protocol defines how computers should identify one another on a network, the form that the data should take in transit and how this information should be processed once it reaches its final destination. Protocols also define procedures for handling lost or damaged transmissions. Transmissions are sometimes described as packets of information. The most common network protocols include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), IPX (Internet Packet Exchange), AppleTalk, and DECnet (Digital Equipment Corporation network). 

Network protocols use physical cabling in exactly the same manner, thus allowing protocols to peacefully coexist. This concept is known as protocol independence , meaning that the physical network does not need to concern itself with the protocols being carried. The network builder can use any of the protocols supported by an item of equipment. The final choice may depend on personal preference, a defined operating philosophy or perhaps more arbitrary criteria. 

The Ethernet standard is defined by the Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). IEEE Standard 802.3 defines rules for configuring an Ethernet and specifies how elements in a network interact with one another. Networks, equipment and network protocols that utilize and adhere to the IEEE standard will operate in the most efficient manner. 

An important part of designing and installing an Ethernet is selecting the appropriate Ethernet medium for the problems at hand. There are four major types of media in use today thickwire, thin coax, unshielded twisted pair and 

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AH these evolutionary methods foUow an initial synthesis method. The objective is to develop the best network design prior to the start of detailed and costiy calculation of individual network components. In practice, an approximate cost is usuaHy determined for the several candidates before one or more are selected for optimization. 

The networks swelled isotropically indicating the co-continuous nature of the materials. The range of swelling for the PHEMA-1-PIB networks is significantly less than that of PDMAAm-i-PIB demonstrating that amphiphilic networks exhibiting various desired swelling characteristics can be obtained by the selection of network components. 

This is a theoretical study on the entanglement architecture and mechanical properties of an ideal two-component interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) composed of flexible chains (Fig. la). In this system molecular interaction between different polymer species is accomplished by the simultaneous or sequential polymerization of the polymeric precursors [1 ]. Chains which are thermodynamically incompatible are permanently interlocked in a composite network due to the presence of chemical crosslinks. The network structure is thus reinforced by chain entanglements trapped between permanent junctions [2,3]. It is evident that, entanglements between identical chains lie further apart in an IPN than in a one-component network (Fig. lb) and entanglements associating heterogeneous polymers are formed in between homopolymer junctions. In the present study the density of the various interchain associations in the composite network is evaluated as a function of the properties of the pure network components. This information is used to estimate the equilibrium rubber elasticity modulus of the IPN. 

Hydrogel in which the network component is a colloidal network. 

Note 1 The network component of a hydrogel is usually a polymer network. 

Note 2 A hydrogel in which the network component is a colloidal network may be referred to as an aquagel. 

If the reader can use these properties (when it is necessary) without additional clarification, it is possible to skip reading Section 3 and go directly to more applied sections. In Section 4 we study static and dynamic properties of linear multiscale reaction networks. An important instrument for that study is a hierarchy of auxiliary discrete dynamical system. Let A, be nodes of the network ("components"), Ai Aj be edges (reactions), and fcy,- be the constants of these reactions (please pay attention to the inverse order of subscripts). A discrete dynamical system

dynamical system for a given network we find for each A,- the maximal constant of reactions Ai Af k ( i)i>kji for all j, and — i if there are no reactions Ai Aj. Attractors in this discrete dynamical system are cycles and fixed points. 

The term computerized hardware (hereafter referred to as hardware) refers to physical elements including input devices, output devices, network components, signal converters and computers (e.g., controllers, microprocessors, smart instmments). 

The second fundamental element in Part 11 is the high level of security required to protect regulated electronic records. The requirements for application and network component security can be found in Table 15-1. The controls that are implemented resulting from the security related requirements are intended to build a trusted digital environment. The attributes relevant to a trusted digital environment are ... 

Debar, H., M. Becke, and D.Simboni, A Neural Network Component for an Intrusion Detection System, in Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Symposium on Research in Security and Privacy, 1992. 

Routine repair and maintenance activities should be embodied in approved SOPs. Instrumentation, computer hardware elements, and communication network components should all be covered. The following areas should be addressed ... 

IT staff should ensure that the boundaries between open and closed network components are clearly defined and there are methods specified for protecting data, such as access controls, firewalls, and cryptographic techniques. The validation of open systems especially needs to be carefully planned to ensure that the interests of all parties are protected. 

Logical organization and relationship of servers, network components, storage devices, printers, etc. the size of the network (number of user nodes) and topology diagram of the network (including interfaces to other networks) need to be specified... 

The following sections illustrate some specihc qualihcation requirements associated with network components. 

Means of access to all system and network components (compnter rooms, network rooms/cabinets, cabling, etc.)... 

For each area or building, the location of each network component and cable path... 

D1.3 Are documented configuration specifications in place for each network component (e.g., Mainframes, Servers, Storage Devices, Transceivers, Repeaters, Bridges and Renters, etc.) ... 

This subsection shall briefly describe the design of the LAN. It may include a drawing of logical schema of the LAN with the major network components and how they interact with the environment. A description of these topics should be listed ... 

Network Components Components that falls into Session and Transportation OSl layer, e.g., Routings, Transportation Protocols. 

The next step in the installation of Windows 95 shows up only if there is a network card installed in the machine. From this screen (Figure 13.12), you can customize which networking components are installed and how they are configured. Click Next to continue this installation. 

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