Neisseria meningitidis polysaccharide vaccines

Type B vaccine, the Neisseria meningitidis Type A and C vaccine, the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and an acellular typhoid vaccine. 

Fractionation. The process by which components are extracted firm bacterial eells or from the medium in whieh the baeteria are grown and obtained in a purified form. The polysaccharide antigens of Neisseria meningitidis are separated from the bacterial cells by treatment with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and those of Streptococcus pneumoniae with ethanol. The purity of an extracted material may be improved by resolubilization in a suitable solvent and precipitation. After purification, a component may be dried to a powder, stored indefinitely and, as required, incorporated into a vaccine in precisely weighed amounts at the blending stage. 

Meningococcal vaccines Purified surface polysaccharide antigens of one or more strains of Neisseria meningitidis Active immunization against Neisseria meningitidis (can cause meningitis and septicaemia)... 

In a study of the tolerability and immunogenicity of Hib vaccines, 30 volunteers aged 69-84 years were immunized with either Pedvax-Hib (a conjugate of Hib polysaccharide and an outer membrane protein complex of Neisseria meningitidis-YR -OMP) or Hib TITER (a conjugate of Hib oligosaccharide and a non-toxic mutant diphtheria toxin, CRM 197-HbOC) (4). The volunteers... 

Meningococcal vaccine is an inactivated vaccine composed of capsular polysaccharide fragments of Neisseria meningitidis. There are four polysaccharide serotypes represented in the vaccine A. C. Y, and W-135. The type A polysaccharide consists of a polymer of Af-acctyl-O-mannosaminc phosphate the group C polysaccharide is mostly Af-acctyl-O-ace-tylncuraminic acid. Indications are... 

The meningococcus, Neisseria meningitidis, is divided into 10 distinct serotypes. Groups B and C are responsible for 80% of the meningitis cases reported, one of the major causes of death in children and adults. These bacteria contain linear polysialic acids. In Group C, the bond between the sialyl residues, partially or non-acetylated, is a-(2->9). This structure, 12.26, is a powerful immunogen the polysaccharide of Group C is an official vaccine. However, there is no response in children less than two years old, perhaps because at this age, a similar polysialyl structure is found in their tissues. 

Moe G R, Tan S, Granoff D M (1999). Molecular mimetics of polysaccharide epitopes as vaccine candidates for prevention of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B disease. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 26 209-226. 

Selander B, Kayhty H, Wtdege E et al. Vaccination responses to capsular polysaccharides of Neisseria meningitidis and liaemophilus influenzae Type b in two C2-deficient sisters alternative pathway-mediated bacterial killing and evidence for a novel type of blocking IgG. J Clin Immunol 2000 20 138-149. 

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